Brain nicotinic receptors

Changeux, JP, Bertrand, D, Corringer, PJ, Dehoene, S, Edelstein, S, Leno, C, Novere, N le, Marubio, L, Picciotto, M and Zoli, M (1998) Brain nicotinic receptors structure and regulation, role in learning and reinforcement. Brain Res. Rev. 26 198-216. 

Sparks, J.A., Pauly, J.R. Effects of continuous oral nicotine administration on brain nicotinic receptors and responsiveness to nicotine in C57B1/6 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 141 145, 1999. 

Bhat, R., Turner, S., Selvaag, S., Marks, M., Collins, A. Regulation of brain nicotinic receptors by chronic agonist infusion. J. Neurochem. 56 1932, 1991. 

Pauly JR, Stitzel JA, Marks MJ, Collins AC (1989) An autoradiographic analysis of cholinergic receptors in mouse brain. Brain Res BuU 22 453 59 Pauly JR, Grun EU, Collins AC (1990a) Chronic corticosterone administration modulates nicotine sensitivity and brain nicotinic receptor binding in C3H mice. Psychopharmacology 101 310-316... 

Rowell PP, Li M (1997) Dose-response relationship for nicotine-induced up-regulation of rat brain nicotinic receptors. J Neurochem 68 1982-1989... 

Early 1990s research on nicotine discrimination (Perkins et al. 1994a, b), selfadministration (CorrigaU 1999), and the role of brain nicotine receptors in behavior and withdrawal (Markou 2008) lent further support to the conclusion that nicotine was appropriately categorized as an addictive dmg and buttressed FDA s scientific basis for asserting jurisdiction over nicotine-containing tobacco products (Food and Drug Administration 1995, 1996). 

J.O. Rinne, T. Myllykyla, P. Ldnnberg, P. MarjamakI, A postmortem study of brain nicotinic receptors In Parkinson s and Alzheimer s disease. Brain Res. 547 (1991) 167-170. 

Meyer A Psychobiology A Science of Man. Springfield, IL, Charles C Thomas, 1957 Meyer EM, de Eiebre CM, Hunter BE, et al Effects of anabaseine-related analogs on rat brain nicotinic receptor binding and on avoidance behaviors. Drug Dev Res 31 127-134, 1994... 

Heterogeneity and complexity of native brain nicotinic receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 74 1102-1111. 

Diseases Associated with Loss of Brain Nicotinic Receptors. 760... 

Like most alkaloids, nicotine exerts its effects at receptors for chemicals that transmit nerve impulses. Specifically, nicotine acts at the nicotinic receptor class for the transmitter acetylcholine (the other class of acetylcholine receptor is the muscarinic, also named for a compound—a mushroom derivative— that triggers only receptors of that class). Outside the brain, nicotinic receptors are found primarily in the sympathetic nervons system, while muscarinic receptors are found in the parasympathetic nervous system. Thus, nicotine use triggers sympathetic nervous system effects throughout the body. 

Eriksson P, Fredriksson A. 1998. Neurotoxic effects in adult mice neonatally exposed to 3,3 4,4 5-pentachlorobiphenyl or 2,33 4,4 -pentachlorobiphenyl. Changes in brain nicotinic receptors and behaviour. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 5(1) 17-27. 

Zoli, M., Lena, C.. Picciotto, M.R., Changeux, J.-P., 1998. Identification of four classes of brain nicotinic receptors using (32 mutant mice. J. Neurosci. 18, 4461-4472. 

In a number of cases, actions of lobeline differed significantly from those of nicotine. For example, chronic treatment of mice with nicotine led to an increase in the number of brain nicotinic receptors, which was not seen with lobeline treatment [85], Unlike nicotine, lobeline pretreatment did not reduce hypothermia and locomotor suppression in mice, produced by a nicotine challenge [519]. Lobeline failed to elicit the "nicotine cue", a discriminative effect in rats [520], and produced a pharmacologic profile (including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, minute and tidal volume) which differed from nicotine [86], Such studies have led to the proposal that lobeline, in at least some of its effects, acts via a different mechanism than nicotine [86,519],... 

Kem, W.R., Mahnir, V.M., Prokai, L., Papke, R.L., Cao, X, LeFranfois, S Wildeboer, K Prokai-Tatrai, X, Porter-Papke, J., and Soti, F. (2004) Hydroxy metabolites of the Alzheimer s drug candidate 3-[(2,4-dimethoxy)benzylidene]-anabasein dihydrochloride (GTS-21) their molecular properties, interaction with brain nicotinic receptors, and brain penetration. Mol. Pharmacol., 65, 56-67. 

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