Brachionus

Ferrando, M.D. and E. Andreu. 1993. Feeding behavior as an index of copper stress in Daphnia magna and Brachionus calyciflorus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 106C 327-331. 

Ferrando, M.D., C.R. Janssen, E. Andreu, and G. Persoone. 1993. Ecotoxicological studies with the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. III. The effects of chemicals on the feeding behavior. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 26 1-9. 

Porta, A.A. and A.E. Ronco. 1993. Cu (II) toxicity to the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus, as affected by fulvic acids of freshwater origin. Environ. Pollut. 82 263-267. 

Freshwater macroinvertebrates were comparatively sensitive to diazinon (Table 16.7). Results of large-scale experimental stream studies (Arthur et al. 1983) showed that dose levels of 0.3 pg diazinon/L caused a five- to eightfold reduction in emergence of mayflies and caddisflies within 3 weeks. After 12 weeks, mayflies, damselflies, caddisflies, and amphipods were absent from benthic samples. Elevated (and catastrophic) drift of stream invertebrates was also documented in diazinon-treated streams, especially for amphipods, leeches, and snails (Arthur et al. 1983). Shortterm tests of 5-h duration with rotifers (Brachionus calyciflorus) show a 50% reduction in feeding... 

LC50 (24-h) for Brachionus calycifloms 11.85 pg/L, Brachlonuspllcatllls 10.67 pg/L (Ferrando and Andreu-Moliner, 1991), Gammams lacustris 0.76 pg/L, rainbow trout 7.1-51 pg/L, brook trout 400 pg/L, fathead minnow 712 pg/L, lake trout 195-419 pg/L, channel catfish 410 pg/L, bluegill sunfish >10 pg/L (Mayer and Ellersieck, 1986). 

Ferrando et al. (1992) reported LC50 (24-h) values of 0.62 and 5.15 mg/L for Daphnia magna and Brachionus calyciflorus, respectively. 

LC50 (24-h) for bluegill sunfish 120 ppb, rainbow trout 100 ppb (quoted, Verschueren, 1983), Brachionus calyciflorus 33.7 mg/L (Ferrando and Andreu-Moliner, 1991), Brachionus rubens 35.3 mg/L (Snell and Persoone, 1989), first instar Toxorhynchites splendens 69.1 ppb (Tietze et al., 1993). 

Fernandez-Casalderry, A., Ferrando, M.D., and Andreu-Moliner, E. Endosulfan and diazinon toxicity to the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciBorus, J. Environ. Sci. Health, B27(2) 155-164, 1992. 

Ferrando, M.D. and Andreu-Moliner. Acute lethal toxicity of some pesticides to Brachionus calyciforus and Brachionus plicatilis. Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 47(3) 479-484, 1991. 

Ferrando, M.D., Sancho, E., and Andreu-Moliner, E. Chronic toxicity of fenitrothion to an alage (Nannochlorls oculata), a rotifer (Brachionus calyclflorud), and the cladoceran (Daphnia magna), Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, 35(2) 112-122, 1996. 

In the past few years the use of rotifers in ecotoxicological studies has substantially increased. The main endpoints used are mortality, reproduction, behavior, cellular biomarkers, mesocosms, and species diversity in natural populations [126]. Several workers have used Brachionus calyciflorus for various types of toxicity assessments. Thus, comprehensive evaluation of approximately 400 environmental samples for the toxicity assessment of solid waste elutriates, monitoring wells, effluents, sediment pore water, and sewage sludge was carried out by Persoone and Janssen [127]. The mortality of rotifers hatched from cysts is evaluated after 24 hours exposure. This microbiotest has been commercialized in a Rotoxkit F [128,129]. 

DelValls, T.A., Lubian, L.M., Forja, J.M., Gomez-Parra, A. (1997). Comparative ecotoxicity of interstitial waters in Ht-toral ecosystems using Microtox and the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16 2323-2332. 

Lee, J. K., Hong, S., Jeon, J. K., Kim, S. K., and Byun, H. G. (2009). Purification and characterization of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from the rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis. Bioresour. Technol. 100,5255-5259. 

Preston, B.L., Snell, T.W., Fields, D.M. and Weissburg, M.J. (2001) The effects of fluid motion on toxicant sensitivity of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus, Aquatic Toxicology 52 (2), 117-131. 

Sarnia, S.S.S., Nandini, S. and Flores, J.L.G. (2001) Effect of methyl parathion on the population growth of the rotifer Brachionus patulus (O.F. Muller) under different algal food (Chlorella vulgaris) densities, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 48 (2), 190-195. 

Snell, T. W. and Persoone, G. (1989) Acute toxicity bioassays using rotifers. II. A freshwater test with Brachionus rubens, Aquatic Toxicology 14 (1), 81-91. 

---