Boyle, Robert relationships

Robert Boyle was the first to formulate a relationship between p and V. Boyle was a contemporary of the greatest scientist the world has ever seen, the 17th-century physicist Sir Isaac Newton. Boyle s law was discovered in 1660, and states... 

Example When Robert Boyle investigated gases, he found the relationship... 

Remember, because pressure is force divided by area, if the area decreases the pressure increases. When we push in on the plunger, the pressure increases to some value above 1 atmosphere. The smaller the syringe s barrel volume becomes, the higher the pressure exerted by the air in syringe. The relationship between volume and pressure is known as Boyle s Law. Boyle s Law was first mentioned in Chapter 3 and is named after Robert Boyle. Simply stated, Boyle s Law says that the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are inversely related, as one goes up, the other goes down. Boyle s Law can be stated mathematically as... 

The first of these relationships that was formulated into a law concerns pressure and volume. Robert Boyle, an Irish gentleman regarded by some as the first chemist (or chymist, as his friends might have said), is typically given credit for noticing that gas pressure and volume have an inverse relationship ... 

Here P, and V, represent the original pressure and volume, respectively, and P2 and V2 represent the second pressure and volume. This relationship is known as Boyle s Law after the 17th-century scientist Robert Boyle (see Chapter 3) who first described it. Boyles Law, however, only holds true assuming that the temperature and number of gas particles remain the same. 

One of the earliest to recognize structure-activity relationships was Robert Boyle in 1685, who tried to explain the specific effects of drugs in terms of mechanical philosophy by suggesting that since the different parts of the body have different textures, it is not implausible that when the corpuscles of a substance are carried by the body fluids throughout the organism, they may, according to their size, shape and motion, be more fit to be detained by one organ than another [10]. 

The universe as a whole is made up of material with three distinct states, namely the solid state, the liquid state and the gaseous state. In 1662, Robert Boyle showed for the first time the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas under constant temperature to be inverse proportional to one another. In 1802 Gay-Lussac reported his discovery on the relationship between the volume of gas and temperature under constant pressure to be proportional to one another. These two relationships laid the foundation for the equation of state for gaseous state namely,... 

D. L. Woodall, The relationship between science and scripture in the thought of Robert Boyle , Perspect. Sci. Christ. Faith, 1999, 48, 32-39. 

From the earliest days of quantitative inquiry, scientists have sought to uncover the mathematical relationships that describe natural phenomena, including the properties of gases. Because there are four fundamental properties of a gas, namely, P, T, V, and n, discovering the relationship between any two requires that the other two properties be kept constant. Some of the earliest quantitative studies of gases were reported in the mid-1600s by British chemist Robert Boyle, who found that for a fixed amount of a gas at a specific temperature (i.e., constant n and T), the volume was inversely proportional to the applied pressure. This V-P relationship, known as Boyle s law, is represented as... 

Robert Boyle was a seventeenth-century Irish scientist who studied the relationship between pressure and volume in gases. He confined his experimentation to these factors, without any change in temperature. As you visualize a situation in which only volume and pressure can change, think of a helium-filled balloon. If you squeeze the balloon to make it smaller, you can feel the pressure inside it become greater and greater. The balloon could even burst because of the pressure. In mathematical terms, Boyle s Law states that volume and pressure are inversely proportional. That is, as volume decreases, pressure increases. This law also means that as volume increases, pressure decreases. 

Robert Boyle (a founder of the Royal Society of England) heard about Guericke s pump and experiments and decided to scientifically analyze them. Aside from making improvements upon the design of the air pump, he also developed the relationship between gas pressure, volume, and temperature. This relationship was later called Boyle s law [see Eq. (7.2)]. 

One of the earliest discoveries of the behavior of gases came from Robert Boyle in 1661. Boyle discovered that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure placed on it. That is, in a system where volume is allowed to change, an increase in pressure will decrease the volume. Likewise, if you think of a closed system, such as a cylinder with a piston above it, pushing down on the piston (i.e., decreasing the volume) will have the effect of increasing the pressure. This relationship can be expressed mathematically as Equation 8.3 ... 

Robert Boyle (1627-1691) was an Irish scientist with an interest in chemistry. He investigated the relationship between pressure and volume of gases at constant temperatures. By making careful measurements of the volume of a trapped gas, he was able to describe what happened when the pressure exerted on the gas was increased. Figure 11.12 shows Boyle s experiment. Boyle measured the length of the column of trapped air compared to the length of the column of mercury. Since the length of the mercury column is directly related to its volume, Boyle was able to deduce the relationship between pressure and volume. 

The concept of a gas law goes back to the beginnings of modern chemistry. In the late seventeenth century, Robert Boyle noticed a relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas. The volume was inversely proportional to the pressure. Increase the pressure and the volume will decrease. 

For further elaboration of the relationship between the corpuscles of various sizes and shapes and chemists principles, see Robert Boyle, The Origin of Forms and Qualities, according to the Corpuscular Philosophy, Works, volume 3, 1-137 idem, Experiments, Notes, c. about the Mechanical Origin or Production of diverse particular Qualities, Works, volume 4,230-354. See also Clericuzio, A Redefinition of Boyle s Chemistry and Corpuscular Philosophy, Annals of Science 47, 1990, 561-589. 

Although there exists an extensive historiography on Robert Boyle and on the Chemical Revolution, the relationship between these two important foundational moments of modern chemistry has not been established in a satisfactory manner. Rather, Thomas Kuhn and Ursula Klein have argued that Boyle s mechanical philosophy had little influence on the development of modern chemistry (Kuhn, Robert Boyle and Structural Chemistry in the Seventeenth Century, Isis 43, 1952, 12-36 Klein, Verbindung und Afftnitat, Birkhauser, 1994 idem, Robert Boyle—Der Begriinder der neuzeitlichen Chemie. Philosophia Naturalis 31, 1994, 63-106). 

The first quantitative experiments on gases were performed by an Irish chemist, Robert Boyle (1627-1691). Using a J-shaped tube closed at one end (Fig. 5.3), which he reportedly set up in the multistory entryway of his house, Boyle studied the relationship between the pressure of the trapped gas and its volume. Representative values from Boyle s experiments are given in Table 5.1. These data show that the product of the pressure and volume for the trapped air sample is constant within the accuracies of Boyle s measurements (note the third column in Table 5.1). This behavior can be represented by the equation... 

As you read in the last section, gases have pressure, and the space that they take up can be made smaller. In 1662, the English scientist Robert Boyle studied the relationship between the volume and the pressure of a gas. He found that as pressure on a gas increases in a closed container, the volume of the gas decreases. In fact, the product of the pressure and volume, PV, remains almost constant if the temperature remains the same. Table 2 shows data for experiments similar to Boyle s. 

Robert Boyle (1627-1691), an Irish chemist, did experiments like the one shown in Figure 14-2 to study the relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas. By taking careful quantitative measurements, he showed that if the temperature is constant, doubling the pressure of a fixed amount of gas decreases its volume by one-half. On the other hand, reducing the pressure by half results in a doubling of the volume. A relationship in which one variable increases as the other variable decreases is referred to as an inversely proportional relationship. For help with understanding inverse relationships, see the Math Handbook page 905. 

Boyle s research assistant was Robert Hooke (1635-1703), who would become a famous scientist in his own right. Together they performed a series of experiments that would transform not just the study of matter but the practice of science. Boyle was particularly interested in air, and his great tool for the study of air was the air pump. He looked at the relationship of pressure to volume, finding, for example, that water would boil at a lower temperature at low pressure. His experiments were compiled and published in New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall Touching on the Spring of Air and Its Effects (1660). It was... 

Robert Boyle (1627-1691) studied the effect of changing the pressure of a gas on its volume at constant temperature. He concluded that at constant temperature, the volume of a given sample of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. This is known as Boyle s law. It means that as the pressure increases, the volume becomes smaller by the same factor. That is, if the pressure is doubled, the volume is halved. This relationship can be expressed mathematically by any of the following ... 

From Robert Boyle s experiments, we know the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature. 

See Newman and Principe, Alchemy Tried in the Fire. For an overview of Boyle s concern with transmutation, see Lawrence M. Principe, The Aspiring Adept-Robert Boyle and Hie Alchemical Quest (Princeton Princeton University Press, 1998). For Starkey and his relationship to Boyle, see William R. Newman, Gehennical Fire The Lives of George Starkey, An American Alchemist in the Scientific Revolution (Chicago University of Chicago Press, 2003 first published, 1994). 

Learning Goal The Irish scientist Robert Boyle found that the volume of a gas varies inversely with the pressure exerted by the gas if the number of moles and temperature of gas are held constant. This relationship is known as Boyle s law. 

Robert Boyle (1627-1691) was born in Ireland to a wealthy family, educated at Eton, received further education on the Continent, and returned to England in 1645. He began his scientific studies during the following decade and in 1656 moved to Oxford, where he secured the assistance of Robert Hooke. Hooke built a vacuum pump (Figure 145) for Boyle, who used it for numerous studies, including study of the relationship between volume and pressure of gas that now bears his name (see p. 210). Boyle is generally considered to be the Father of Chemistry due in part to his gas law and other physical studies but also because of his... 

Robert Boyle (1627-1691) is noted for his pioneer experiments on the properties of gases and his espousal of a corpuscular view of matter that was a forerunner of the modem theory of chemical elements and atomic theory. Boyle conducted pioneering experiments in which he demonstrated the physical characteristics of air and the necessity of air for combustion and respiration. In 1661, he described, in the second edition of his work. New Experiments Physio-Mechanical, the relationship, known as Boyle s Law, of the volume of gases and pressure. Attacking the Aristotelian theory of the four elements (earth, air, fire, and water) and the three principles (salt, sulphur and mercury), proposed by Paracelsus, in The Skeptical Chymist, he can be considered as the founder of modem chemistry. " ... 

As the balloon example illustrates, the pressure of a gas and its volume are related. Robert Boyle (1627-1691), an Irish chemist, described this relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas. 

Boyle s Law, is the empirical relationship, which states that given a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, its volume is inversely proportional to its pressure. Boyle s Law applies to ideal gases only Real gases deviate considerable form this ideal relationship. It is called after the Irish physicist and chemist Robert Boyle... 

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