Bottle washers

Fig. 13. Filtering and bottling (1 = separator 2 = filter 3 = pressure tank 4 = pasteurizer 5 = bottle washer 6 = filler 7 = crowner 8 = labeler and,...

Returnable bottles are generally subjected to a three-part process. Bottles are washed in a bottle washer, as they would be for non-aseptic production however, the final rinse is with hot water, which has an initial bacteriocidal effect. The bottle rinser and filler are enclosed in an HEPA-filtered chamber the rinser uses hot water, maintaining the decontamination finally the filler injects steam into the bottle just prior to filling. The total process leads to a high log reduction in bacterial contamination, producing commercially sterile products. This process has been used for carbonated drinks. 

For many years, in the chief laboratory of the Radium Institute of the University of Paris, this woman, until she was sixty-six, worked silently with her test tubes and flasks while all the world waited for another miracle. Even to the end the years, had not completely broken this immortal bottle-washer. She remained broad-shouldered and above average height. Her splendidly arched brow was crowned with a mass of wavy gray hair, once blond. Her soft, expressive, light blue eyes were full of sadness. 

Multi-trip bottles on return to the brewery require a complex sequence of soaking and jetting in bottle washers using detergent solutions (Fig. 20.27). 

The bottles are inspected for fill-height and then are conveyed to the labeller (Fig. 20.29). Bottle labels are made of (/) sized machine-coated paper, ( ) wet-strength paper, Hi) foil, or (/v) metallized paper. The first is cheapest and the range of grades is 70-85 g/m. Wet-strength paper is paper treated with either melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resins. Compared with the machine-coated paper it is marginally more expensive and is less likely to be pulped in modern bottle washers. Aluminium foil is 4-5-fold more expensive... 

It is important that the grain of the label paper is correct and that the appropriate adhesive is applied. The label has to adhere readily and effectively, remain in place during its journey to the customer and in dry or wet storage. Finally the label must detach easily in the bottle washer. Adhesives include (/) dextrins, ( ) jelly gums and iii) casein which will retain the label even if the bottle is immersed in ice-cold water. 

Uses Surfactant, detergent, coupling agent for household cleaners, bottle washers, metal cleaners, clean-ln-place, carpet cleaners. Industrial cleaners vise, builder In personal care cleansers and detergents Features Controlled foam Properties Liq. 30% cone. 

Almost everything we use daily has adhesives connected with them. Our soda bottles use adhesives to attach the label our tables—wooden, glass, metal, or a mixture—are connected by adhesives our shoes are held together by adhesives our automobiles, trucks, airplanes, trains, all are connected by adhesives our tires, stoves, and washers, all contain adhesives as essential materials. 

Fig. 10.2. Fittings for lecture bottles. Both fittings are designed to seal by means of a soft lead washer, which must be replaced frequently. Fitting (a) is for noncorrosive gases and (b) is for corrosive gasses. (Reproduced by permission of the copyright holder, Matheson Gas Products, Inc.)...

The container must be sealed by a closure. If air is allowed to enter and interact with the essential oil, the chemical reaction of oxidation can occur. Oxidation in this case can be considered the addition of oxygen to an oil constituent to form a new compound. New compounds formed will alter the composition of the oil. Water vapour may also enter from the air. An open or incompletely sealed container will allow essential oil components to escape as vapours, and this will change the balance of constituents. The best choice of closure for a bottle is a screw cap fitted with a wad or washer. Ideally bottles are fitted with childproof tops and drop dispensers to control amounts dispensed. 

Pressure Bottles Use 200-mL pressure bottles, with a Neoprene washer, glass stopper, and attached wire clamp, available from Fisher Scientific Co. (Vitro 400, Catalog No. 3-100), or equivalent. 

Polarimeter, with one or more optical cells (complete with windows, caps, and Teflon or neoprene washers) constant-temperature control for range 10 to 50°C pycnometer 25-mL pipette for filling the pycnometer and a small pipette for filling the cell rubber bulb for pipetting 0 to 50°C thermometer 250-mL beaker gum-rubber tubing lint-free tissues for wiping cell windows 50-mL polyethylene bottles for PEG solution and excess solvent. 

After a final rinse with clean water in tumbler washers, the cork moisture levels arc adjusted to 5.5 to 8% in continuous tunnel dryers to avoid growth of microorganisms on the washed corks. An ideal moisture level achieves a water activity unsuitable for mold growth, yet high enough to maintain the flexibility of the cork necessary for bottling. 

Lecture bottles should also be fitted with a regulator and needle valve, as specified by the manufacturer. The regulators are of two types, one for corrosive and one for non-corrosive gases, and they require a Teflon or lead washer. The procedures for using lecture bottles are the same as for larger cylinders. 

Filler downtime typically is due to star-wheel jams, irregular shaped containers, and timing adjustments. The accumulation table between the washer and the filler provides the filler with bottles during these periods. The washer speeds need to be fast enough to refill the table in a reasonable time. However, the filler needs to be slightly slower than the washer, since the accumulation table after the washer should normally be empty. 

Vulcanized fiber plate, sheet, rods, and tubes Wall coverings, plastics Warmers, bottle plastics, except foam Washers, plastics Watering pots, plastics Window frames and sash, plastics... 

Windshield washer fluid samples held in 10 separate bottles labeled Day 1, Day 2, etc. (One or more of the above samples may be purposely contaminated with water. One gallon of fluid will provide 10 samples of 375 mL each.)... 

Tunnel washer - Shoebox rodent cages, water bottles, cage pans, and other small equipment can be placed on this unit s conveyor belt. It is more efficient than the cabinet washer for... 

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