Bolzano, Italy

The case of Oetzi (or the Iceman), the frozen mummy found in 1991 on the Alps on the border between Austria and Italy and now kept at the Archaeological Museum of Bolzano (Italy), is also well known. AMS radiocarbon measurements from the laboratories of Zurich[78] and Oxford[79] on tissue and bone samples from the Iceman dated him to 4550 19 years BP. When calibrated, this radiocarbon age corresponds to three probable calendar time intervals between 3350 BC and 3100 BC. Consistent measurements were obtained by dating some of his equipment and also botanic remains from the discovery site. [80] In this context, it is important to note that dating of Oetzi represents a good example of the relevance of the behaviour of the calibration curve in the final precision of a radiocarbon measurement. Actually, in this case, despite a very high precision of the radiocarbon age ( 19 years), the special trend in the calibration curve around the dated period, i.e. in particular the so-called wiggles, prevents a more exact and unambiguous absolute age determination. 

Application of multivariate statistics to fatty acid data from the Tyrolean Iceman and other mummies is a mosaic stone in the investigation of this mid-European ancestor, which is still a matter of research (Marota and Rollo 2002 Murphy et al. 2003 Nerlich et al. 2003). The iceman is on public display in the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano, Italy, stored at —6°C and 98% humidity, the conditions as they probably were during the last thousands of years. 

The mummy only weighs about 30 poimds (13 kg) and is about five feet (1.54 m) in length, but because of shrinkage this does not reflect the Iceman s true physique. According to the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano, Italy, which houses the body, the living Otzi would have been about 63 inches tall (1.6 m) and weighed 110 pounds (50 kg). 

In 2005, scientists discovered the cause of Otzi s death. A few years earlier, in 2001, Paul Gostner wheeled an X-ray machine to Otzi s chamber in the South Tyrol Museum. Gostner, who works at the Central Hospital in Bolzano, Italy, discovered a stone arrowhead embedded in the back of Iceman s left shoulder. Earlier X-ray scans had missed the small object. The arrow shaft was not in Otzi s body, nor had it been found nearby. The fatality of the wound became evident in 2005, when Central Hospital acquired an X-ray machine with higher resolution. Gostner and other staff members of the hospital brought Otzi in for a scan—it was a rush job, otherwise Otzi s body would quickly decompose. They discovered that the arrowhead had gashed a large and important artery, the subclavian artery, which carries blood to the arm. Such a serious injury would have caused Otzi to bleed to death in minutes. 

The papers Cl and B2 were announced but not presented at the Conference. For papers where only an abstract is presented see also the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Chemistry and Physics of One Dimensional Metals" Bolzano, Italy 1976, ed. H.J.Keller, Plenum Press (to be published). 

T. Poehler, and A. Bloch, in Proceedings of the NATO Conference on the Chemistry and Physics of One-Dimensional Metals, Bolzano, Italy, ed. H. J. Keller (Plenum Press, New York, 1977), in press. 

D.Jerome and M.Weger, Proceedings of the NATO summer school on One-dimensional Conductors, Bolzano, Italy (August 1976)... 

D. Jerome and L. Giral, Proc. Conf. on Organic conductors and Semiconductors, Siofok, Hungary, Sept. 1976 ( this issue ) D. Jerome and M. Weger, Proc. NATO Adv. Study Institute on "Chemistry and Physics of One-Dimensional Metals," Bolzano, Italy, Aug. 1976, to be published, H. J. Keller, ed. 

Margarite bearl Vipiteno (Bolzano, Italy) Mohs 1820... 

Stack U,V,Pb,Cu,Se, Mo,C,S Similar to tabular deposits occur at impermeable buttress-like barrier (fault or diapir) epigenetic Mikouloungou, Gabon Bolzano, Italy... 

Stack Mlkouloungou, Gabon Bolzano, Italy Karoo, South Africa Shirley Basin, U.S.A. 

Solomon Lemma Mengistu, Free University of Bolzano, Italy... 

Greene, R. L., Street, G. B. Proc. of the NATO-ASI on the chemistry and physics of one-dimensional metals, Bolzano, Italy, 1976, H. J. Keller, ed., New York-London ... 

---