Bloom resistance

Bloom Resistance (and hence shelf life) Coating weight control (yield)... 

Octylated diphenylamine is a general-purpose AO. It is somewhat nonstaining and usually consists of a mixture of octylated diphenylamines. It Is used by the rubber industry in fairly high commercial volumes. Sometimes 1 part of 8DPA is used with 1 part TMQ for good heat resistance, bloom resistance, and color control. 

PVC-polvester plasticizer blends contg., for good blooming resistance, P 256061e... 

DuRoss, JW, WH Knightly. (1965). Relationship of sorhitan monostearate and Polysorbate 60 to bloom resistance in properly tempered chocolate. Manuf Confect July 50-56. 

Sometimes, a multifunctional ester such as a pentaerythritol mono/distearate blend is added. The latter has sufficient polymer compatibility to be highly bloom-resistant, even at these levels. In molded articles, shape complexity requires enhanced release about 0.1 phr of EBS may be added. 

Ethylenebis(tetrabromophthalimide). The additive ethylenebis(tetrabromophthalimide) [41291 -34-3] is prepared from ethylenediamine and tetrabromophthabc anhydride [632-79-1]. It is a specialty product used ia a variety of appHcations. It is used ia engineering thermoplastics and polyolefins because of its thermal stabiUty and resistance to bloom (42). It is used ia styrenic resias because of its uv stabiUty (43). This flame retardant has been shown to be more effective on a contained bromine basis than other brominated flame retardants ia polyolefins (10). 

Oligomeric Flame Retardants. There are several oligomeric flame retardants. The principal advantage claimed for these materials is their resistance to bloom and plate-out. In some cases they are used at levels high enough that the resulting flame-retarded resia should properly be viewed as a polymer blend or alloy. AH of the available oligomeric flame retardants are brominated (Table 6). 

Alumina—graphite refractories, almost all continuous casting ware, have come into much greater use as continuous casting has spread in steelmaking. These refractories are used in shrouds that conduct the molten metal from the ladle to the tundish, in the subentry tubes that take the metal from the tundish to the mold, in isostatically pressed stopper rods, and in shroud tubes for slab and bloom casters. The alumina—graphite compositions are used in these products because of the thermal-shock resistance and corrosion resistance they impart to the product. 

The nature of the conditions of intensive production, however, can increase the risk of diseases and infections which can spread very rapidly and devastate large numbers of animals." Thus it is common practice for producers of poultry to add coccidiostats to their diets and vaccines to their drinking water in order to prevent coccidiosis and other infectious diseases such as bronchitis and Newcastle disease. A similar problem exists for intensively reared fish, where it is necessary to add antibiotics to their diets. A problem with intensively reared fish is that their diet is added directly into the water in which they live thus drugs and other additives in the diet are relatively easily dispersed into the local environment of fish farms, where they can increase bacterial resistance and also cause problems such as algal blooms. 

Most of the hydrocolloids listed for ice cream may be used in ices and sherbets. Gelatin is used a great deal. However, it makes overrun difficult to control and consequently it is used in conjunction with other hydrocolloids. A 225 Bloom gelatin is used at 0.4 to 0.5%. Sodium alginate is affected by acid and calcium salts and is not often used. Propylene glycol alginate is more resistant in this respect and is used at levels of 0.15 to 0.25%. Carrageenin is used in many blends. 

Diaryl-phenylenediamines have very good antioxidant activity with good to moderate antiozonant characteristics, with low volatility but will possibly bloom to the rubber surface. They give very good flex cracking resistance. 

Although metal-free azo pigments have good chemical resistance their completely covalent nature leads to a tendency to bleed in organic solvents and to migration and blooming in... 

The resistance to blooming is tested by rubbing the colorations of differing concentrations with a white cloth immediately after they are produced, after 6 months storage at room temperature and, if necessary, also in an accelerated test after 24 hours storage at 70°C. 

---