Blood sugar monitoring

Diabetes. 2. Blood sugar monitoring. 3. Biosensors. I. Cunningham,... 

Monitoring Laboratory results not communicated in a timely manner Poorly calibrated blood sugar monitoring device... 

The prognosis of Type-I diabetes can be greatly improved by lowering glycaemia by intensive therapy. The risk of severe hypoglycaemic reactions, however, means that close blood-sugar monitoring is required. 

The patient is able to use die glucometer correcdy to monitor blood sugar or test urine for glucose and ketones. 

People who are obese, and who have diabetes, often find they initially cannot control their blood sugar well. Therefore, these patients must increase the number of times each day they monitor their blood sugar. Benzphetamine, out of the entire amphetamine class, causes less stimulant activity this quality could make it more attractive to doctors. But tolerance (the body s ability to resist the effects of the drug) can develop quickly and adequate weight loss has not been observed beyond six months. 

Sensation provides the input to the system. The sources of sensory information can be outside your body through one of the five primary senses sight, sound, taste, smell, and touch. The source of information can also be inside your body. The nervous system receives and monitors information such as your blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood oxygen level. 

Adverse reactions occur frequently. Rapid drug infusion may produce tachycardia, vomiting, shortness of breath, headache, and a fall in blood pressure. Changes in blood sugar (hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia) necessitate caution in its use, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus. Renal function should be monitored and blood counts checked for dyscrasias. 

Glycosylated hemoglobin q3-6 mo (<7.0%) self-monitored preprandial blood sugars < 150 mg/dL absence of hyperglycemia (e.g., polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, blurred vision)... 

Figure 17-10 (a) Personal glucose monitor used by diabetics to measure blood sugar level, (b) Details of disposable test strip to which a drop of blood is applied. [Courtesy Abbott Laboratories MediSense Products, Bedford, MA]... 

Unfortunately, there is no convenient marker that can be used to monitor radical or antioxidant levels in the body. Diabetics who are taking insulin to control blood sugar can monitor their blood sugar levels with a simple urine test, but there are no simple tests for antioxidants and therefore no way to know whether the body needs supplementation. 

Failure to ingest adequate amounts of carbohydrates resulted in sweating, blurred vision, tremors, headaches, and confusion. Smarter athletes monitored their blood sugar (glucose) levels with test strips or metes. 

No proteinuria Monitor blood pressure Monitor blood glucose Screen for microalbuminuria if type 1 diabetes for >5 years or type 2 diabetes Aim for <130/80 mmHg Aim for <120/70 mmHg if type 1 diabetes Aim for HbAlc <7% Dietary advice for sugar and fat STOP SMOKING... 

TCAs ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS Likely to impair control of diabetes. TCAs may t serum glucose levels by up to 150%, t appetite (particularly carbohydrate craving) and i metabolic rate Be aware and monitor blood sugar weekly until stable. Generally considered safe unless diabetes is poorly controlled or is associated with significant cardiac or renal disease. Amitriptyline, imipramine and citalopram are also used to treat painful diabetic neuropathy... 

CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS -GLIPIZIDE Blood sugar levels may be t or 1 Uncertain Need to monitor blood glucose in patients with concomitant treatment at the beginning of treatment and after 1-2 weeks... 

IL-2 PROTEASE INHIBITORS t protease inhibitor levels, with risk of toxicity Aldesleukin induces formation of IL-6, which inhibits the metabolism of protease inhibitors by the CYP3A4 isoenzymes Warn patients to report symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, flatulence, dizziness and rashes. Monitor blood sugar at initiation of and on discontinuing treatment... 

LEFLUNOMIDE ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS -TOLBUTAMIDE Possible T effect of tolbutamide Uncertain Monitor blood sugar closely. Watch for and warn patients about symptoms of hypoglycaemia - For signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia, see Clinical Features of Some Adverse Drug Interactions, Hypoglycaemia... 

INSULIN VASODILATOR ANTIHYPERTENSIVES-DIAZOXIDE May t insulin requirement Diazoxide causes hyperglycaemia by inhibiting insulin release and probably by a catecholamine-induced extrahepatic effect. Used in the treatment of hypoglycaemia due to insulinomas Larger doses of insulin are often required, and there is a need to monitor blood sugar until adequate control of blood sugar is achieved... 

INSULIN ANTIPROTOZOALS -PENTAMIDINE Altered insulin requirement Attributed to pancreatic beta cell toxicity Altered glycaemic control need to monitor blood sugar until stable and following withdrawal of pentamidine... 

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