Chromium concentration blood

Amounts of total chromium were measured in lymphocytes, blood, and urine after intratracheal administration of either sodium dichromate(VI) or chromium(III) acetate hydroxide (a water-soluble chromium(III) compound) to male Wistar rats (Gao et al. 1993). The total amount of chromium administered was 0.44 mg Cr/kg body weight for each compound. The highest concentrations in tissues and urine occurred at 6 hours after treatment, the first time point examined. Mean chromium concentrations (n= 4 rats per time point) from treatment with chromium(III) were 56.3 pg/L in whole blood, 96 pg/L in plasma, 0.44 pg/1010 in lymphocytes, and 4,535.6 pg/g creatinine in urine. For treatment with chromium(VI) the levels were 233.2 pg/L for whole blood, 138 pg/L for plasma,... 

Figure 2-5. Linear Relationship Between Water Soluble Chromium Concentrations in Workroom Air and the Chromium Concentrations in Blood and Urine at the End of a 5-Day Shift in Workers of a Dichromate Plant ...

Routledge PA, Bialas MC, Babar I, et al. 1998. Blood arsenic and chromium concentrations after dermal exposure to tannalysing fluid and the use of DMPs. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 36(5) 494-495. 

In a 28-year-old woman with an 18-year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus the glycosylated hemoglobin fell from 11.3 to 7.9% and her blood glucose concentration was 1.7-3.3 mmol/1 lower after she had taken chromium picolinate (200 micrograms tds for 3 months) (10). There were no adverse effects. 

A 33-year-old white woman presented with weight loss, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, liver dysfunction (transaminase activities 15-20 times normal, total bilirubin three times normal), and renal insufficiency. She had taken chromium picolinate 1200-2400 micrograms/day for the previous 4-5 months to enhance weight loss. Her plasma chromium concentrations were 2-3 times normal. After withdrawal of chromium picohnate, she was managed with supportive measures, blood transfusions, and hemodialysis. The hemolysis stabilized and her liver and renal function eventually recovered. 

Glucose Intolerance in the Elderly. Glucose intolerance is age related and chromium supplementation trials in the elderly have been conducted with variable results. The inabihty to determine which of the elderly trial subjects was initially chromium depleted makes it difficult to interpret the findings. If the observations can be confirmed and there is an age-related decrease in the chromium concentration in hair, sweat, and blood serum, then there is a necessity for further studies in the elderly. ... 

Bartolozzi a and Black J (1985) Chromium concentrations in serum blood clot and urine from patients following total hip arthroplasty. Biomaterials 6 2-8. 

Figure 1. Reported chromium concentration in blood as a function of date of...

Another example of systematic error involves the analysis of chromium in blood. If the blood samples are stored in stainless steel vessels prior to analysis, then some chromium may dissolve out of the steel into the sample. This introduces a systematic error which causes the measurement (here the chromium concentration) to be overestimated. 

Bartolozzi, A. and Black, J., "Chromium Concentrations in Serum, Blood Clot and Urine from Patients Following Total Hip Arthroplasty, Biomaterials, Vol. 6, 1985, pp. 2-8. 

A healthy 46-year-old patient developed progressively worsening symptoms of cobalt toxicity following 6 months of synovectomy and replacement of ceramic-on-ceramic hip bearing to a metal-on-polyethylene bearing. Blood cobalt concentration peaked at 6521 p /L. The patient died from cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy. Implant retrieval analysis confirmed a loss qf28.3g mass cfthe cobalt-chromium femoral head as a result of severe abrasive wear by ceramic particles embedded in the revision polyethylene liner [83 ]. 

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