Blood artificial

Medical appHcations of PFC emulsions for organ perfusion and intravenous uses have received much attention in recent years. The first commercial blood substitute (Fluosol DA 20%, trademark of the Green Cross Corp.) employed perfluorodecalin, and improved, second generation products based on this PFC, or perfluorooctylbromide, are now under development (20,21). The relatively high oxygen dissolving capabiHty of PFCs undedies these appHcations (see Blood, artificial). 

Perfluorinated compounds are also potentially useful as inert reaction media, particularly when one of the reactants is gaseous. The high solubiHty of oxygen and carbon dioxide in perfluorinated Hquids has allowed their use as blood substitutes (41) and as oxygenation media for biotechnology (42). One product, Fluosol DA (43) (Green Cross Corp.), has been commercialized, and there is an abundant patent art in this area (see Blood, artificial). 

Cellulose acetate films, specially cast to have a dense surface and a porous substmcture, are used in reverse osmosis to purify brackish water (138—141) in hollow fibers for purification of blood (artificial kidney) (142), and for purifying fmit juices (143,144) (see Membrane technology). 

Currently, few data are available on the fatigue properties of elastomers cycled at body temperature and in contact with blood. Artificial heart device applications are particularly demanding of elastomers since even a three-year implantation of a heart will involve in excess of 10 cycles. 

Albumin - [BLOOD, ARTIFICIAL] (Vol 4) -clinical assay for [AUTOMATED INSTRUMENTATION - CLINICAL CHEMISTRY] (Vol 3) -detection of [BIOPOLYMERS - ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES] (Vol 4) -mineral nutrient carrier [MINERALNUTRIENTS] (Vol 16) -quimdme binding to [CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS] (Vol 5) -role in pharmacokinetics [PHARMACODYNAMICS] (Vol 18) -sex hormone complex [HORMONES - SEX HORMONES] (Vol 13)... 

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