Blackberry extract

Serraino I, Dugo L, Dugo P, Mondello L, Mazzon E, Dugo G, Caputi AP and Cuzzocre S. 2003. Protective effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside from blackberry extract against peroxynitrite-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular failure. Life Sci 73(9) 1097-1114. 

Blackberry extract. See Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract Blackberry (Rubus villosus) extract... 

Synonyms Blackberry extract Blackberry fruit extract Dewberry extract Rubus extract Rubus fruticosus Rubus fruticosus extract Definition Extract of fruit of Rubus fruticocus Uses Natural flavoring agent in foods and pharmaceuticals astringent, tonic in... 

With the above discussion in mind, it may be assumed that chiral xenobi-otics are likely to be present in various foodstuffs, as human food comprises the meat of fish, birds and terrestrial animals, and of course vegetables. Many chiral pesticides are used to control insects in vegetables and cereals, and hence the presence of these pesticides in the food products is to be expected. Only a few reports are available dealing the presence of chiral pesticides in various foodstuffs. The cholinesterase inhibition activity of chiral organophosphorous pesticides, as well as that of toxic organophosphorous pesticides nerve gases, are enantioselective in nature. Scientists at the Microbiological and Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division of NERL in Cincinnati, USA, have found the chiral insecticide permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, in spinach. Similarly, malathion has been observed in blackberry extract [146]. 

Pergola C, Rossi A, Dugo P, Cuzzocrea S, Sautebin L (2006) Inhibition of nitric oxide biosynthesis by anthocyanin fraction of blackberry extract. Nitric Oxide 15 30... 

In addition to organic dyes, natural dyes extracted from plants can be used as photosensitizers [36,140,141]. A nanocrystalline 2 solar cell using a san-talin dye extracted from red sandalwood can produce 1.8% efficiency under 80 mW/cm2 irradiation [141]. Cherepy et al. reported that a nanocrystalline 2 solar cell using flavonoid anthocyanin dyes extracted from blackberries could convert sunlight to electrical power with an efficiency of 0.6% (Jsc = 1.5-2.2 mA/cm2 and Voc = 0.4-0.5 V) under AM 1.5 [36]. 

Flavonol glycosides were suggested as a suitable indicator of the adulteration of black currant products with red currants (74) and with blackberries (75). The black currant methanolic extract is purified using polyamide columns and analyzed for flavonoids by HPLC. Anthocyanins are removed by chromatography on Dowex 50W-X4, eluting with 70% methanol (74). Quercetin-3-0-gluccuronide was a suitable indicator to detect adulteration of blackcurrant products with blackberries (75). 

Reyes-Carmona J, Yousef G, Martinez-Peniche R, Lila M. 2005. Antioxidant capacity of fruit extracts of blackberry (Rubus sp.) produced in different climatic regions. J Food Sci 70 S497-S503. 

Blackberries are almost always eaten raw. Dried fruits are not practical, and juices have not been widely popularized, although blackberry wine has a devoted following. The taste can be mellow, delicious, and almost irresistible, but the presence of seeds discourages some people who do not like coming across the firm, chewy kernels in virtually every drupelet. These unavoidable seeds are nutrient-laden features, however, so count them as part of the fruit experience, and enjoy them—just make sure you crunch and grind them to assure optimal extraction of the nutrients. 

Fig. 19 Structures of main anthocyanin glycosides (60, 88-93) in blackberry and bilberry extracts...

Bring water and crystal malt to a boil. Strain out grains and add malt extracts, and 1 ounce of Cascade hops. Boil for 30 minutes and add Irish moss and V2 ounce of Cascade hops. Boil for 15 minutes and turn offbeat. Add blackberries, honey, and Vz ounce of Fuggles hops. Let steep 15 minutes. Strain into a primary fermenter containing cold water. Bring volume up to 5 gallons and pitch yeast when cool. When fermentation is complete, prime with Va cup corn sugar and bottle. 

Put the crystal malt in water as you heat it, and then strain it out before water reaches boiling point. Add extract, Tettnanger hops, and Irish moss. Boil 1 hour. Remove from heat, add Vz ounce of Saaz hops and blackberries, and allow time to steep. Transfer to a primary fermenter and top off with enough water to make 5 gallons. Pitch yeast. Ferment for 7 days, then rack to a secondary fermenter. Ferment for another week, ttien prime with % cup com sugar, and bottle. 

A reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in healthy and diabetic rabbits orally administered 5 g/kg of an aqueous extract of blackberry leaf (Alonso et al. 1980). Similar effects were observed in healthy and diabetic rats orally administered 100 mg/kg of an aqueous extract of blackberry leaf as a single dose or the same dose daily for 9 days (Jouad et al. 2002). 

The LDgo of an orally administered blackberry leaf aqueous extract in mice is 8.1 g/kg (Jouad et al. 2002). 

Regulatory FDA 21CFR 172.510 FEMA GRAS Blackberry (Rubus villosus) leaf extract CAS 93165-71-0 EINECS/ELINCS 296-958-4 Synonyms Blackberry leaf extract Bramble leaf extract Rubus villosus Rubus villosus leaf extract... 

Definition Extract of the leaves of the blackberry, Rubus villosus... 

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