Black stone preparation

The bone pieces were then heated until they became incandescent and cooled under inert atmosphere After this, the black stone samples were boiled in water for 5 min and then dried at room temperature. Some of the black stone samples are shown in Fig. 7.5. The adsorption experiments were performed with powder samples of the black stones the stones were ground in a mortar. A grain size of 250 mesh was chosen. To verify the reproducibility of the black stone preparations, two samples were prepared and investigated. The detailed description of the solutions preparations, etc., can be found elsewhere. 

Bufotenine was isolated from skin and parotid gland of the toad Bufo vulgaris in 1893, and from plants and mushrooms. It is also foimd in the toad Bufo marinus that lives in the southern part of the United States and the Caribbean, and in Bufo alvarius, found in the southwestern United States. Amazon explorers had described poisoning by toad and mushroom preparations more than 400 years ago. Street names include black stone, Chan Su, Chinese love stones, cohoba, rock hard. Stud 100, and toad. 

Figure 7.5 Some of the prepared black stone samples.

The black stone samples were prepared as follows ... 

It is prepared as follows native sulphur salt of the mountains, ashes, brontesinos (tliunder-stone) pyrites, equal parts. Mix in a black mortar at noon with the juice of the black mulberry and bitumen of Zacynthus, a natural liquid, in equal parts, to a pasty consistency. Add with care a little quicklime, grind carefully at noon. Guard your face for the material may take fire suddenly. Enclose it in a copper box with a cover, and keep it and do not expose it to the sun. If you wish to set fire to the arms of... 

AZOCH — is our Mercury. It is a double Mercury of the Material Stone. Therefore they say Azoch and fire are enough to whiten the Laton, and to prepare the whole work. In the first work it appears white. Then the woman overcomes the man, who thereupon becomes black. According to Braccesca, when Azoch turns into Salt, then it washes the Laton, or the metallic Sulphur. When it does not part with the red and become white, then it is useless. This Sulphur is called the Male. At... 

VENOM — The Hermetic Philosophers say that their Stone is a deadly Venom and Poison. This is not to be understood of the Perfect Stone, for that they affirm to be a Universal Medicine. The reference is to the Matter out of which the Stone is formed, and especially at the Black Stage, the corruption which then manifests being indeed a deadly poison. The name of Venom is also applied by some Philosophers to their Mercury, because it dissolves all substances with which it is combined in digestion. They say further that this Mercury is a violent poison before it has been prepared, but that after preparation it is theriacal, or an antidote to poison. 

M.V. Lomonosov was one of the first scientists to introduce a reasonable scientific concept of the origin of petroleum. In his mid-eighteenth century work on terrestrial layers , this Russian scientist wrote It is expelled from underground with heat, prepared from stone coal and brown coal, this black oily material... And this is a birth of a different grade of combustible liquid and dry hard matter. This is the essence of stone oil, liquid pitch, petroleum, and similar materi-... 

Historically, many societies required that measuring devices be physically compared with and calibrated against official standards. Physical representations of measuring units were made as precisely as possible and carefully stored and maintained to serve as standards for comparison. In ancient Egypt, the standard royal cubit was prepared as a black granite rod and most likely kept as one of the royal treasures by the pharaoh s chief steward. That simple stone object would have been accorded such a status because... 

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