Bis 2-chloroethyl

Bis(2-Chloroethyl) 2-Chloroethylphosphonate. The commercial product, Albright Wilson s Antiblaze 78, is a mixture having various related higher boiling diphosphonates. This product is made by the Arbuzov rearrangement of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphite [140-08-9] ... 

Organophosphorus Monomers. Many vinyl monomers containing phosphoms have been described in the Hterature (76), but few have gone beyond the laboratory. Bis(2-chloroethyl) vinylphosphonate [115-98-0] C H Cl O P, is a commercially available monomer (Akzo s Fyrol Bis-Beta) made from bis(2-chloroethyl) 2-chloroethylphosphonate. 

Several appHcations have been found for bis(2-chloroethyl) vinylphosphonate as a comonomer imparting flame retardancy for textiles and specialty wood and paper appHcations. Its copolymerization characteristics have been reviewed (76,109). This monomer can be hydrolyzed by concentrated hydrochloric acid to vinylphosphonic acid, polymers of which have photoHthographic plate coating utiHty (see Lithography). It is also an intermediate for the preparation of an oligomeric vinylphosphonate textile finish, Akzo s Fyrol 76 [41222-33-7] (110). 

Oligomeric Vinylphosphonate. A water-soluble oligomer, Fyrol 76 [41222-33-7] is produced by reaction of bis(2-chloroethyl) vinylphosphonate and dimethyl methylphosphonate with elimination of all the chlorine as methyl chloride (127,128). This Hquid, containing 22.5% P, is curable by free-radical initiation, on cotton or other fabrics. Nitrogen components, such as A/-methylolacrylamide or methylolmelamines, are usually included in the finish, which can be durable to multiple launderings (129,130). 

Numerous organic reactions of sulfur monochloride are of practical and commercial importance. Of particular importance is the reaction of sulfur monochloride with olefins to yield various types of addition products (142). With ethylene, the severe vesicant bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide [505-60-2] (mustard gas) forms with elemental sulfur and polysulfides (see Chemicals IN war). Propylene reacts similarly ... 

Mustard and Related Vesicants. Mustard, bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide [505-60-2] (Chemical Agent Symbol HD), C1(CH2)2S(CH2)2C1, is a colodess, oily hquid when pure. Most samples have a characteristic garliclike odor. It is primarily a vesicant bUsters are formed by either Hquid or vapor contact. Mustard also attacks the eyes and lungs and is a systemic poison, so that protection of the entire body must be provided. It is insidious in its action there is no pain at the time of exposure, and symptoms usually do not appear until several hours after exposure. 

Chlorohydrin Process. Ethylene oxide is produced from ethylene chlorohydrin by dehydrochlorination using either sodium or calcium hydroxide (160). The by-products include calcium chloride, dichloroethane, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether, and acetaldehyde. Although the chlorohydrin process appears simpler, its capital costs are higher, largely due to material of constmction considerations (197). 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Bis(2-chloroethyl) Ether 2,2 -Dichloroethyl Ether Dichlorodiethyl Ether Di-(2-chloroethyl) Ether Chlorex DCEE beta,beta -Dichloroethyl Ether Chemical Formula (ClCHjCH2)20. 

Pedersen s preparation of dibenzo-18-crown-6 involves catechol and bis(2-chloroethyl) ether. In this procedure, sodium hydroxide is used as base and M-butanol as solvent. The reactants are heated overnight and the crude crown is obtained by precipitation from acetone in which it is almost completely insoluble. The yield range specified is 39—48% and is readily realized. The overall preparation is illustrated in Eq. (3.11). 

The adventitious discovery of the antitumor action of the nitrogen mustard poison war gases led to intensive investigation of the mode of action of these compounds. In brief, it has been fairly well established that these agents owe their effect to the presence of the highly reactive bis(2-chloroethyl)amine group. The cytotoxic activity of... 

Reaction of bis(2-chloroethyl)amine with phosgene affords the corresponding carbamoyl chloride Acylation... 

Chemical Name 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino] ben2enebutanoic acid Common Name —... 

Chemical Marne N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2oxazaphosphorin-2-amlne-2-oxide... 

The solvent was evaporated off under reduced pressure, and the residual gum refluxed with concentrated hydrochloric acid (50 g) for 6 hours. The solution was aliowed to cool overnight. It was filtered from the phthalic acid crystals, and freeze-dried, and to the pink residue was added acetone (160 g) and ethyl acetate (50 g). The mixture was left in the cold room overnight and the clear pink supernatant liquid poured off. The pink gummy hydrochloride remaining in the flask was dissolved in water (20 g), saturated sodium acetate solution added until precipitation was complete, and the product collected and dried in a desiccator. The crude p-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-aminophenylalanine (3.6 g) was crystallized from methanol giving colorless needles, MP 172° to 174°C (decomp.) of p-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-aminophenylalanine. 

Chemical Name Prednisolone 21 -[4 -[p-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino] phenyl] butyrate Common Name Prednisolone chlorambucil ester... 

Chemical Name 5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)aminol-2,4(1 H,3H)-pyrimidinedione Common Name Uramustine demethyidopan chloroethaminacil Structural Formula ... 

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