Biomedical trace analysis chromatography

Delaunay, N., Pichon, V, and Hennion, M. C., Immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction for the trace-analysis of low-molecular-mass analytes in complex sample matrices. Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications 745(1), 15-37, 2000. 

With the introduction of modern electronics, inexpensive computers, and new materials there is a resurgence of voltammetric techniques in various branches of science as evident in hundreds of new publications. Now, voltammetry can be performed with a nano-electrode for the detection of single molecular events [1], similar electrodes can be used to monitor the activity of neurotransmitter in a single living cell in subnanoliter volume electrochemical cell [2], measurement of fast electron transfer kinetics, trace metal analysis, etc. Voltammetric sensors are now commonplace in gas sensors (home CO sensor), biomedical sensors (blood glucose meter), and detectors for liquid chromatography. Voltammetric sensors appear to be an ideal candidate for miniaturization and mass production. This is evident in the development of lab-on-chip... 

Duffield, A.M. and Lidgard, R.O. (1986) Analysis of kava resin by gas chromatography and electron impact and methane negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. New trace constituents of kava resin. Biomedical Environmental Mass Spectrometry, 13,621-626. 

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