Biomass burning, as a source

Holzinger, R., C. Warneke, A. Hansel, A. Jordan, W. Lindinger, D.H. Scharffe, G. Schade, and P. J. Crutzen, Biomass burning as a source of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, methanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and hydrogen cyanide. Geophys Res Lett 26, 1161,... 

Holzinger, R. Wameke, C. Hansel, A. Jordan, A. Lindinger, W. Scharfife, D. Schade, G. Crutzen, P.J., 1999 Biomass Burning as a Source of Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Methanol, Acetone, Acetonitrile and Hydrogen Cyanide , in Geophysical Research Letters, 26 1161-1164. 

Biomass Burning as a Source of Atmospheric Gases CO, H2, N2O, NO, CH3CI and COS... 

The same may apply to CH4 and H2. It is clear, however, that any estimations are much less reliable for NOx, N2O, COS and CH3CI. However, we can still indicate the potential importance of biomass burning as a source of these gases to the atmosphere. 

Part 2 Scientific Texts by Paul J. Cmtzen—3 Influence of Nitrogen Oxides on Atmospheric Ozone Content (Crutzen) 4 Biomass Burning as a Source of Atmospheric Gases CO2, H2, N2O, NO, CH3CL and COS... 

Concerns over atmospheric methane as a greenhouse gas and the large contribution of biomethanogenesis as a source of this gas make it important to determine the relative significance of various components of this activity. A recent paper (8) summarized estimates (28-30) of source fluxes of atmospheric methane based on several carbon isotopic studies and presented new data on natural sources and biomass burning. These data (Table III) show that of a total flux of 594 million tons (Tg) per year, 83% is produced via biomethanogenesis from a combination of natural (42%) and anthropogenic (41%) sources. 

In summary, biomass burning is a major source of many trace gasses, especially the emissions of CO2, CH4, NMHC, NO,, HCN, CH3 CN, and CH3 Cl (73). In the tropics, these emissions lead to local increases in the production of O3. Biomass burning may also be responsible for as much as one-third of the total ozone produced in the troposphere (74). However, CH3 Cl from biomass burning is a significant source for active Cl in the stratosphere and plays a significant role in stratospheric ozone depletion (73). 

Globally, and as put forward by Gelencser (2004), it is possible that to a certain extent all pathways for secondary aerosol WSOM formation could occur this would explain the ubiquitous nature and abundance of WSOM in atmospheric aerosol. What is known for certain is that biomass burning is a primary source of WSOM. Its secondary origin, however, still is under discussion and awaits proper experimental support. 

In general, for different reasons, biomass burning is a complex anthropogenic source of the atmospheric pollution and of the global impact on the biosphere as a whole. Estimates obtained by many authors show that the radiative forcing on climate determined by aerosols from biomass burning constitute about -l.OWm"2... 

Globally, 56% of SO2 emissions in 1990 were from coal, 24% from oil, 15% from industrial processes, and 3% from biomass burning (deforestation, savanna burning, and agricultural waste burning) the remaining 2% were from the use of traditional biomass as a source of residential fuel and from natural gas extraction, distribution, and use (Smith, Pitcher, and Wigley, 2001). 

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