Biological sensing

Even if many fundamental questions remain still open in molecular electronics, the answers to these issues are today the central topics in this field, and much of the driving force for understanding and developing molecular junctions derives from the original promise of possible applications in different fields, such as microelectronics, chemical and biological sensing, and in the realm of photonics and the photonic/electronic interface. 

ARROW-based optofluidic devices for chemical and biological sensing have several desirable optical attributes, including ... 

Thus, this history of London-Manchester chemistry illustrates lines of genealogy both in the biological sense and in the disciplinary sense, with overlapping traditions carried by disciplinary practitioners moving from London to Manchester and back again. We also can see that there was a strong German connection. 

The concept of evanescent field sensing is well known and has been exploited for applications such as chemical and biological sensing. The... 

M.T. Griffin, J.E. Fulton Jr., R.F. McAtee, R. Gao and L.H. Tsoukalas, Enhanced sensitivity and selectivity in a dual cell ion mobility spectrometer. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering 5085 (Chemical and Biological Sensing IV), (2003) 37-45. 

Yamanaka SA, Charych DH, Loy DA, Sasaki DY. Solid phase immobilization of optically responsive liposomes in sol-gel materials for chemical and biological sensing. Langmuir 1997 13 5049-5053. 

Senarath-Yapa MD, Saavedra SS, Aspinwall CA, Roberts DL (2004) Poly(lipid)-coated, bye doped silica nanoparticles for biological sensing applications. Abstr Pap Am Chem Soc 227 U849-U849... 

There have been many books and reviews written on the subject of NN and parallel computing. Only a token one is listed here, for those who need a traditional book reference (Haykin, 1999). It will probably be obsolete before this book is published. Otherwise, a wealth of up-to-date information is always available on the Internet where a neural networks entry produces an avalanche of information. Both lead articles cited for Chapter 10 (Hierlemann et al 1996) and (Jurs et al., 2000) discuss their applications in the context of chemical and biological sensing. 

For almost 20 years, the optical waveguide sensor has been used for the label-free, evanescent-field detection of chemical or biological reactions taking place in the close vicinity of the waveguide surface. This includes numerous applications within the fields of chemical and biological sensing, where in... 

In recent western literature, Kt is interpreted as gross conversion efficiency and the western analogue of K2 is net conversion efficiency (Brett and Groves, 1979), but the biological sense of the two coefficients can be obscured by such generalized semantics. A better concept is efficiency of food consumption and assimilation for constructive processes (Zaika, 1983). 

Amperometric biosensors combine the specificity and selectivity of biological sensing components with the analytical power of electrochemistry. Because of the use of metal electrodes which can be deposided on nearly all substrates, thin and thick film technology is the method of first choice. The limitation which occurs with silicon device technology is no longer decisive and biosensor production is not restricted to silicon production lines. 

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