Bioindicator organism

Sweden Although Swedish legislation does not require determination of the toxicity of effluents, it nevertheless indicates that those who might affect the natural environment have to prove that their actions do not adversely affecting it. As a result, many industrial effluents are in practice examined with regard to their toxicity to selected bioindicator organisms. 

Significant bioaccumulation of butyltins in higher trophic organisms and their appropriateness as bioindicators of aquatic organotin pollution was reported [281,282,303-305]. 

Elmholt, S. (1996). Microbial Activity, Fungal Abundance, and Distribution of Penicillum and Fusarium as Bioindicators of a Temporal Development of Organically Cultivated Soils. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 13 123-140. 

Currently Local sediments impact assessment Bioaccumulation and biomagnifications Population decline of local organisms In vivo bioassays wifii local sediment In vitro bioassays wifii local sediment (extract) Bioindicators Biomarkers Bioavailability of compounds ... 

Bioindicators of effect in the field such as intersex index (ISI) and population decline in gastropods are useful to reveal causal relationships between the exposure to toxic compounds and population effects on local marine organisms. When these effects correspond to the effects predicted based on bioassays in the laboratory, for example expressed as PAF of species, these field effects in gastropods, can be used as a bioindicator for the local ecotoxicological health status. 

Fusarium as bioindicators of a temporal development of organically cultivated soils. 

Therefore, toxicity tests, or in other words bioassays, can supply information on the total load of an investigated sample in a diverse (in terms of type and quantity) mixture of pollutants, which allows for the possibility of their interactions.8-12 Bioassays are based on the use of particularly sensitive species (bioindicators), which are characterized by their quick reaction to changes in their environment. This results from their relatively low ability to maintain a stable state of equilibrium, that is, from their narrow range of tolerance to specific toxic factors. Such organisms show a special ability to accumulate pollutants.13 Hence, they can work as so-called Biological Early Warning... 

Bioassays used in analytical practice can be classified according to the type of bioindicators used in a given toxicity test. The organisms most frequently used are bacteria, plants, and animals detailed information on their application in bioassays to assess environmental pollution is given in a review study.20 In this chapter, we present tables for the use of selected bioindicators in toxicity tests. 

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