Biodiesel production by transesterification

Meher, L.C., Vidya Sagar, D., Naik, S.N., Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 10, 248-268, 2006 Minami, E., Saka, S., Kinetics of hydrolysis and methyl esterification for biodiesel production in two-step supercritical methanol process. Fuel, 85, 2479-2483, 2006... 

The optimization of biodiesel production by transesterification of sunflower oil was studied (122). The best combination of process parameters was found to be three stoichiometric doses of methanol, 0.28% w/w of KOH, and 70°C temperamre. Several reports have been published on the properties of biodiesel manufactured with different fatty materials and on their performance in compression ignition engines, including information about sunflower oil and its esters (30, 31, 41, 123). Table 19 shows major properties of sunflower oil and its methyl esters. The physicochemical characteristics of these esters meet the norm specifications of different countries, even with improvements of some properties, such as the cetane number. 

Meher, L.C. D.V. Sagar S.N. Nail. Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification—A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2006,10, 248—268. 

Chung, K.-H., J. Kim, and K.-Y. Lee. 2009. Biodiesel Production by Transesterification of Duck Tallow with Methanol on Alkali Catalysts. Biomass and Bioenergy 33... 

Meher, L. C., Sagar, D. V. and Naik, S. N. (2006), Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification A review. Renewable and Sustainable Reviews, 10,248-268. 

Narwal, S.K., Gupta, R., 2013. Biodiesel production by transesterification using immobilized lipase. Biotechnol. Lett. 35 (4), 479-490. 

In this communication a study of the catalytic behavior of the immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase in the transesterification reaction to biodiesel production has been reported. The main drawbacks associated to the current biodiesel production by basic homogeneous catalysis could be overcome by using immobilized lipases. Immobilization by adsorption and entrapment have been used as methods to prepare the heterogeneous biocatalyst. Zeolites and related materials have been used as inorganic lipase supports. To promote the enzyme adsorption, the surface of the supports have been functionalized by synthesis procedures or by post-treatments. While, the enzyme entrapping procedure has been carried out by sol-gel method in order to obtain the biocatalyst protected by a mesoporous matrix and to reduce its leaching after several catalytic uses. 

Fukuda, H., Kondo, A., and Noda, H., 2001. Biodiesel Fuel Production by Transesterification of Oils. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 92,405-416. 

Fukuda, H. A. Kondo H. Noda. Biodiesel fuel production by transesterification of oils./. Biosci. Bioeng. 2001, 92, 405—416. 

Fuji R, Nakagawa Y, Hiratake J et al. (2005) Directed evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipase for improved amide-hydrolyzing activity. Protein Eng Des Sel 18(2) 93-101 Fukuda H, Kondo A, Noda H (2001) Biodiesel fuel production by transesterification of oils. J Biosci Bioeng 92 406-416... 

Kulkami, M. G., Gopinath, R., Meher, L. C., Dalai, A. K. (2006). Solid acid catalysed biodiesel production by simultaneous esterification and transesterification. Green Chemistry, 8, 1056-1062. 

Borges ME, Diaz L Recent developments on heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production by oil esterification and transesterification reactions a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 16 2839-2849, 2012. http //dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.071. 

Cardone, M., Mazzoncini, M., Menini, S., Rocco, V, Senatore, A., Seggiani, M. and Vitolo, S. 2003. Brassica carinata as an alternative oil crop for the production of biodiesel in Italy Agronomic evalution, fuel production by transesterification and characterization. Biomass Bioenergy. 25 623-636. 

Cheirsilp B, H-Kittikun A, Limkatanyu S. 2008. Impact of transesterification mechanisms on the kinetic modeling of biodiesel production by immobilized lipase. Biochem Eng J 42 261-269. 

At least 10 kg of crude glycerol are generated with 100 kg of biodiesel production by the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats. The glycerol-rich wastewater generated during the production of biodiesel can be easily concentrated up to 60% (wt/wt of glycerol). 

Ramachandran, K., Suganya, T., Nagendra Gandhi, N., Renganathan, S., 2013. Recent developments for biodiesel production by ultrasonic assist transesterification using different heterogeneous catalyst a review. Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 22, 410-418. 

Reyman, D., Bermejo, A.S., et al., 2014. A new FTIR method to monitor transesterification in biodiesel production by ultiasonication. Environmental Chemistry Letters 12 (1), 235—240. 

Wong, Y.C., Tan, Y.P., et al., 2015. Biodiesel production via transesterification of palm oil by using CaO-Ce02 mixed oxide catalysts. Fuel 162, 288—293. 

Antolin, G. Tinaut, F. V. Biiceno, Y. Castano, V. Perez, C. (2002). Ramirez, A. I. Optimization of biodiesel production by sunflower oil transesterification. Bioresour. Technol, 83,111-114, ISSN 0960-8524. 

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