Biocidal function

Kugel AJ, Jarabek LE, Daniels JW et al. (2009) Combinatorial materials research applied to the development of new surface coatings XII novel, environmentally friendly antimicrobial coatings derived from biocide-functional acrylic polyols and isocyanates. J Coat Technol Res 6 107-121... 

Biocides function by becoming active on the surface of the material to destroy the fungi. Plasticiser transfer to the surface is limited by the process of diffusion of the plasticiser within the material, the fungus also acting as a leaching solvent (370). Addition levels of the active ingredient are in the 400-2000 ppm level and the active biocide is normally supplied dispersed in a plasticiser or ESBO carrier. 

Versatility Direct or indirect oxidation and reduction, phase separation, concentration or dilution, biocide functionality, applicability to a variety of media and pollutants in gases, liquids, and solids, and treatment of small to large volumes from microliters up to millions of liters. 

Dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMDMH) and 3-methylol-2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidinone (MTMIO) were mixed in different ratios in textile finishing systems for cellulose fabrics. The mixtures of 2,2,5,5-tetrame thylimidazolidinone (TMIO) and hydantoin rings on the grafted cellulose provided a combination of imide, amide and amine halamine stmctuies in different ratios after chlorination. These combinations improved both the power and stability of the biocidal properties of the treated cotton and polyester/cotton blend fabrics studied. Repeated laundering tests showed that even a small amount of added amine halamines could substantially reduce the loss of active chlorine and increase the power of the biocidal functions on the fabrics. The results were discussed. 12 refs. 

The formulation of chain/conveyor lubricants is very complex due to various requirements placed on these products. The primary function of a conveyor lubricant is to reduce friction between the chain/conveyor and its support. The reduction of friction between the chain/conveyor and the container is a secondary requirement of such products. Added to this, the chain lubricant needs to be formulated to provide both detergency, and in many cases, biocidal functions, in order to maintain the processing plants chains in a sanitary condition. 

In some cases, grafting is used to form the copolymers. Examples of chains combined with PDMS in this way include polyfethylene oxide) fluorinated chains, alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates, polyfvinyl alcohol), polyfether sulfones), and polyurethanes. Grafting has also been used to introduce t-butylamine and t-butylammonium biocidal functionalities, and to improve the adhesion of silicone rubber to polyurethane. In other cases, the siloxane groups are simply placed on the ends of chains, such as onto some polybenzoxazines. ... 

Werel, W., Antimicrobial Siloxane Statistical and Graft Copolymers Substituted with t-Butylamine and t-Butylammonium Biocidal Functions. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. 2010, 20, 554-563. 

Fortuniak, W. Mazerska, U. Chojnowski, J. Basinska, T. Slomkowski, S. Chehimi, M. M. Konopacka, A. Turecka, K. Werel, W., Polysiloxanes with Quaternary Ammonium Salt Biocidal Functions and Their Behavior When Incorporated into a Silicone Elastomer Network. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. 2011,21,576-589. 

Dead Germs Active biocidal functionality polymerization ... 

No revolutionary new biocidal products for cooling water systems are expected in the near future. The continuing emphasis is on the use of known biocidal products with benign environmental profile. New combinations will make maximum use of available biocide functional capabilities. 

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