Biochemistry of Biotin

More detailed information on the biochemistry of biotin is available from recent reviews (179,180). 

Knowle.s, J. R., 1989. The mechani.sm of biotin-dependent enzyme.s. Annual Review of Biochemistry 58 195—221. 

M.L. Jones and G.P. Kurzban, Noncooperativity of biotin binding to tetrameric streptavidin. Biochemistry 34, 11750-11756 (1995). 

Knowles JR (1989) The mechanism of biotin-dependent enzymes. Annual Reviews of Biochemistry 58, 195-221. 

Various authors (1999) Symposium proceedings nutrition, biochemistry and molecular biology of biotin. Journal of Nutrition 129, 476s-503s. 

Bannister DW (1976a) The biochemistry of fatty liver and kidney syndrome. Biotin-mediated restoration of hepatic gluconeogenesis in vitro and its relationship to pyruvate carboxylase activity. Biochemical Journal 156, 167-73. 

Bannister DW (1976b) Hepatic gluconeogenesis in chicks effect of biotin on gluconeogenesis in biotin-deficiency and fatty liver and kidney syndrome. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 53, 575-9. 

Description. Also known as vitamin Bg or H, this vitamin is of great importance for the biochemistry of the human organism. Biotin is the cofactor for a small group of enzymes that catalyze carboxyla-tion, decarboxylation, and transcarboxylation reactions in carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism. Deficiency of this vitamin is rare in humans, but can be induced in special circumstances in individuals with inborn errors of biotin metabolism, in individuals taking certain medications, and in some women during pregnancy. ... 

Coverage includes B vitamins and folate in the context of a historical background, disease, cardiovascular effects and the importance of vitamins in biochemistry as illustrated by a single vitamin. Thereafter there are chapters on the chemistry and biochemistry of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folate and cobalamin. Methodical aspects include characterization and assays of B vitamins and folate in foods of all kinds, dietary supplements, biological fluids and tissues. The techniques cover solid-phase extraction, spectrofluorimetry, mass spectrometry, HPLC, enzymatic assay, biosensor and chemiluminescence. In terms of fimction and effects or... 

Gralla, M., Camporeale, G., and Zempleni, J., 2008. Holocarboxylase synthetase regulates expression of biotin transporters by chromatin remodeling events at the SMVT locus. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 19 400 08. 

Gravel, R.A., and Narang, M.A., 2005. Molecular genetics of biotin metabolism old vitamin, new science. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 16 428 31. 

Zempleni, J., McCormick, D.B., Stratton, S.L., and Mock, D.M., 1996. Lipoic acid (thioctic add) analogs, tryptophan analogs, andurea do not interfere with the assay of biotin and biotin metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography/avidin-binding assay. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 1 518 523. 

JW Donovan, KD Ross. Increase in the stability of avidin produced by binding of biotin. A differential scanning calorimetric study of denaturation by heat. Biochemistry 72 512-517 (1973). 

In 1963, Severo Ochoa and I wrote two review articles, one on the metabolism of propionic acid in Advances in Enzymology, and one on the carboxylases and the role of biotin in Comprehensive Biochemistry.These two articles are the summary of my 4 years work in N.Y.U. with Severo Ochoa and I went back to Japan in the fall of 1963, almost with the feeling as if my Heimat were left behind. 

Ochoa, S. and Kaziro, Y. (1965) Carboxylases and the role of biotin. Comprehensive Biochemistry, vol. 16, pp. 210-249, Elsevier, Amsterdam-London-New York. 

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