Bioactive amine

Bioactive amines are also widespread in animals Avariety of structures and properties have been found in substances isolated from frogs for example One called epibatidine is a naturally occurring painkiller... 

Decarboxylation of amino acids yields bioactive amines including CNS neurotransmitters. 

Y Yokoyama, O Ozaki, H Sato. Separation and determination of amino acids, creatinine, bioactive amines and nucleic acid bases by dual-mode gradient ion-pair chromatography. J Chromatogr A 739 333-342, 1996. 

I. Martin, G. Baker, et al., Gas chromatography with electron capture detection for measurement of bioactive amines in biological samples, Methodol. Surv. Biochem. Anal., 74 331-336 (1984). 

The functions of PolyPs associated with their anionic nature were also retained. P transported into the lysosomes of human fibroblasts incorporates high-polymer PolyPs synthesized in these organelles (Pisoni and Lindley, 1992). Lysosomes are a storage compartment for bioactive amines, and PolyPs might be able to form complexes with these compounds. A similar process of PolyP synthesis was also observed in granulocytes (Cowling and Birnboim, 1994). 

Other plant bioactive amines include a variety of neuroactive compounds and polyamines. Notable polyamines include cadaverine (1,5-diaminopentane), putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane), spermidine (NH2—(GH2)3—NH—(CH2)3—NH2), spermine (NH2—(CH2)3— NH-(CH2)3-NH-(GH2)3-NH2) and agmatine (NH2-C(=NH) CH2),-NH2). 

The amino acids not only function as energy metabolites but also used as precursors of many physiologically important compounds such as heme, bioactive amines, small peptides, nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes. In... 

The usual carcinoid tumor is sofid and yeUow-tan in appearance. Tumor cells exhibit a monotonous morphology, with pink granular cytoplasm and round nuclei with infrequent mitoses. Most carcinoids can be recognized by their reactions to silver stains and to neuroendocrine cell markers, such as chromogranin and neuron-specific enolase. Ultra-structuraUy, carcinoids possess numerous membrane-bound, electron-dense neurosecretory granules. These granules contain peptide hormones and bioactive amines, which can occasionally be identified by immunocytochemi-cal techniques. 

Bioactive amines are aiso widespread in ani-mais. A variety of structures and properties have been found in substances isoiated from frogs, for exampie. One, caiied epibatidine, is a naturaiiy occurring... 

Many bioactive amines arise by PLP-assisted amino acid decarboxylation. Decarboxylation of histidine, for example, gives histamine, a powerful vasodilator normally present in the body but formed in excessive amounts under conditions of traumatic shock. 

Amines have been also studied using ME-AD technology. A homemade miniaturized CE-AD system (Cu working electrode), has also been proposed for the fast determination of bioactive amines [32]. Because their formation and metabolism widely occur in living organisms, they are also present in a variety of different foods, primarily as a consequence of microbial amino-acid decarboxylation. The proposed method allowed three bioactive... 

Chu, Q., Guan, Y., Geng, C., and Ye, J. (2006) Miniaturized capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection fast separation and detection of bioactive amines. AnaZ. Lett., 39, 729-740. 

A botanical containing a bioactive amine may be compromised by encountering a monoamine oxidase before it can have its biological effect. However, if a monoamine oxidase inhibitor is present in the botanical or another botanical taken concurrently, then the biological activity of the bioactive amine will be substantially enhanced. Botanicals practitioners are aware of such interactions. 

The hallucinogenic beverage ayahuasca used in the culture of Amazonian tribes contains both the bioactive amine N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, the beta-carboline alkaloids (McKenna, 2004) (Fig. 2). The presence of the MAO inhibitor causes a profound increase in the oral bioavailability of the DMT and generates a prolonged hallucinogenic event, one well known to the Shamans in these communities (Riba et al, 2003). The soy isoflavone daidzin, previously considered to be an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor (Keung et al., 1997), has been shown to inhibit monoamine oxidases (Rooke et al, 2000) and may alter dopamine-mediated events in susceptible tissues. 

Silva, C. M. G. and M. B. A. Gloria. 2002. Bioactive amines in chicken breast and thigh after slaughter and during storage at 4 1°C and in chicken-based meat products. Food Chem. 78 241-248. 

Adao, R.C. and Gloria, M.B.A. (2005) Bioactive amines and carbohydrate changes during ripening of Prata banana (Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana). Food Chem., 90, 705-711. 

---