Bioactivation sulfation

D Auria, M. V., Paloma, L. G., Minale, L., Riccio, R., and Zampella, A., Isolation and structure characterization of two novel bioactive sulfated polyhydroxysteroids from the Antarctic ophiuroid Ophioderma longicaudum, Nat. Prod. Lett., 3, 197, 1993. 

Seaweeds have to survive in a highly competitive environment subjected to light fluctuation, oxygen exposure, dehydration process, etc. therefore, they develop defense strategies in different metabolic pathways. Thus marine organisms are rich sources of structurally diverse bioactive minor compounds such as carotenoids, polyphenols, minerals, vitamins, and fatty acids (Cardozo et ah, 2007). Besides, they possess other major compoimds such as complex carbohydrates and protein, from which bioactive sulfated polysaccharides and peptides can be isolated. 

Varenne, A., Gareil, P., Colliec-Jouault, S., and Daniel, R. (2003) Capillary electrophoresis determination of the binding affinity of bioactive sulfated polysaccharides to proteins study of the binding properties of fucoidan to antithrombin. Arud. Biochem., 315, 152-159. 

Aiello, A CarboneDi, S., Esposito, G., Eattorusso, E., luvone, T., and Metma, M. (2000a) Novel bioactive sulfated alkene and alkanes from the Mediterranean ascidian Halocynthia papillosa. J. Nat. Prod., 63, 1590-1592. 

Aiello, A Carbonelli, S Fattorusso, E luvone, T and Menna, M. (2001) New bioactive sulfated metabolites from the Mediterranean tunicate Sidnyum turbinatum.J. Nat. Prod., 64, 219-221. 

The so-called bioactive ceramics have been attractive because they spontaneously bond to living bone, however, they are much more brittle and much less flexible than natural bone. Previous studies reported that the essential condition for ceramics to show bioactivity is formation of a biologically active carbonate-containing apatite on their surfaces after exposure to the body fluid [337]. Calciiun sulfate was also used [338]. 

With the methylated PAHs, another bioactivation pathway leading to benzylic carbocations becomes available through side chain oxidation to form a benzylic alcohol, followed by esterification and solvolysis. Thus, benzylic sulfate ester formation (via initial formation of benzyl alcohol) constitutes an additional route that could contribute to metabolic activation (Fig. 2). ... 

Table 1 Amino Acid Sequences of Known Naturally Occurring Bioactive Peptides Sulfated at Tyrosine...

From all the peptidomimetic studies carried out so far, particularly on CCK-peptides, two stable analogues of tyrosine O-sulfate have emerged that apparently retain the properties for expression of the full bioactivity of the peptide analogues, i.e. 4-(sulfomethyl)phenylala-nine 121 and 4-(carboxymethyl)phenylalanine 122 shown in Scheme 17. 

Bifiilco, G. Bruno, I. Minale, L. Riccio, R. Debitus, C. Bourdy, G. Vassas, A. Lavayre, J. (1995B) Bioactive prenyIhydroquinone sulfates and a novel C3 j furanoterpene alcohol sulfate from the marine sponge Ircinia sp. J. Nat. Prod., 58, 1444-9. 

The theonezolides A-C (431-433) were isolated from the sponge Theonella sp. They are 37-membered macrocyclic compounds consisting of two principal fatty acid chains with various functionalities such as a sulfate ester, an oxazole, and a thiazole [336, 337]. Compounds 431-433 displayed cytotoxic activity against L1210 and KB cells and were found to have a unique bioactivity in terms of induction of rabbit platelet shape change and aggregation [338]. 

Besides the bioactivity, dextran sulfate was studied for a broad variety of applications using its polyelectrolyte nature and its ability to form polyelec-... 

Bioactivity of CMD-Based Derivatives (Heparan Sulfate Mimetics)... 

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