Bio-based products

A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and eqtrip-ment to produce fuels, power, and value-added chemicals from biomass. Biorefinery is the co-production of a spectram of bio-based products and energy from biomass. The biorefinery concept is analogous to today s crude oil refinery. Biorefinery is a relatively new term referring to the conversion of biomass feedstock into a host of valuable chemicals and energy with minimal waste and emissions. 

Early introductions of bio-based products have shown that few customers are willing to pay a high green premium. For broad-based adoption, new products must be competitive with existing offerings. In this context, the use of alternative low-cost feedstock could give industrial biotech another boost. 

Another chemical company already had a dear biotech strategy in place and had built the capabilities, assets, and networks required to implement it. Execution was already successfully underway in several business units and new bio-based products and processes had started to generate healthy profits. However, the company was now seeking ways to change the old chemical production processes for... 

Palmieri, S., Renewable Industrial Bio-Based Products from Agricultural Resources, Agroindus-tria 2, 49-52 (2003). 

Department of Bio-based Products, University of Minnesota St. Paul, Minnesota... 

T. M. Smith, M. Reichenbach, S-A Molina-Murillo, and R. Smith, Potential Effect of International Phytosanitary Standards on Use of Wood Packaging Material, Research report. University of Minnesota, Department of Bio-based Products, 2004. 

Nevertheless, renewable resources may provide promising chances in the future. Taking the whole process chain into consideration, renewables can make substantial contributions to climate protection. The products can be made and used locally. A wide product platform can be offered and the natural product origin leads to a positive image. Particularly bio-based products usually show high biodegradability and biocompatibility. For selected resources, the synthetic pathway in plants is superior to chemical synthesis. 

Looking at the different approaches to the production of AA described earlier, the question arises, why ozonolysis is still the established manufacturing process But attempts were done in recent years to bring a concept to industrial scale, which were already discussed in Section 20.2.2 [94-96]. Matrica, a 50 50 joint venture between ENI Versalis and Novamont, started the manufacture of bio-based products in Porto Torres (Italy) in mid-2014 [125]. Information about production capacity is not provided. The company offers AA and PA... 

An example of substitution by a bio-based product is given by isosorbide, a molecnle bio-sourced from starch. Isosorbide (Figure 1.5) is considered to be a possible alternative, as well as fatty esters of isosorbide, for the replacement of phthalates as plasticizers of PVC [ROQ]. 

Becker, J. and Wittmann, C. (2012) Bio-based production of chemicals, materials and fuels -Corynebacterium glutamicum as versatile cell factory. Curr. Opin. BiotechnoL, 23 (4), 631-640. 

Becker, J. and Wittmaim, C. (2015) Advanced biotechnology metaboli-cally engineered cells for the bio-based production of chemicals and fuels, materials, and health-care products. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 54 (11), 3328-3350. 

Becker, J., Lange, A., Fabarius, ]., and Wittmaim, C. (2015) Xop value platform chemicals bio-based production of organic acids. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol, 36, 168—175. 

---