Biceps Femoris Muscle

It plays a large role in the dynamics of the lumbar spine in its sagittal plane. When this sheath which surrounds it is tensioned by the abdominal muscles, it aligns the multifidus to enable it to resist longitudinal compressive forces. The multifidus is part of a force couple which controls the position of the sacrum as EMG studies show that the multifidus and the biceps femoris muscle contract simultaneously in gait to maintain the sacrum in a stable position. 

In summary, one should remember that the semitendinosus and the biceps femoris muscles arise from a common tendon located over the semimembranosus tendon. This conjoined tendon inserts into the lateral aspect of the ischial tuberosity rather than into its inferior face. Shifting the transducer downwards on transverse planes, the first muscle which appears is the semitendinosus, followed by the lateral biceps femoris and, more distally, by the medial semimembranosus. The sciatic nerve is... 

Fig. 13.34a-c Acute tear of the distal short head of the hiceps muscle in a soccer player, a Short-axis and b long-axis 12-5 MHz US images show a hypoechoic hematoma (arrow) located within the short head (SH) of the biceps femoris muscle. The overlying long head (LH) is normal, c Photograph of the posterior thigh reveals the ecchymotic skin (arrowhead) related to muscle rupture... 

Fig. 14.10a-d. Anatomy of the peroneal nerve, a Schematic drawing of a lateral view of the knee illustrates the course of the common peroneal nerve (curved arrows) which branches from the sciatic nerve (black arrow) at the apex of the popliteal fossa and descends posterior to the biceps femoris muscle (Bf) and tendon (asterisk) to turn anteriorly around the fibular head. The nerve then continues down between the lateral side of the neck of the fibula and the peroneus longus muscle (PI). Here the peroneal nerve divides into its two terminal branches, the superficial peroneal nerve (white arrowhead) and the deep peroneal nerve (white arrow), md sends a recurrent articular branch (open arrowhead).b-d Transverse Tl-weighted MR images obtained at the levels indicated in a (horizontal bars) reveal the normal position of the common peroneal nerve (curved arrow) relative to the biceps tendon, the crural fascia (open arrowhead) fibular head (FH). Note the relationships of the main trunk and the superficial (white arrowhead) and deep (white arrow) peroneal nerves with the fibular and neck (FN). Black arrow, tibial nerve... 

Jonsall A, Johansson L and Lundstrom K (2001), Sensory quality and cooking loss of ham muscle (M. biceps femoris) from pigs reared indoors and outdoors , Meat Sci, 57, 245-250. 

Seminal vesicle (except dogs) Skeletal muscle (biceps femoris) Skin... 

Three of the 52 electrodes placed for lower extremity stimulation experienced changes in the responses of the muscles. One of these was due to a disconnection at the connector site between the implant and the electrode lead. This was repaired and the electrode continued to function without further problems. The remaining two electrodes (biceps femoris and tibial nerve) were not replaced, as they did not impact function for the subjects involved. 

Hamstrings. The hamstrings are three muscles, the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris. All originate at the tuberosity of the ischium and insert on to various areas of the fibula and tibia. They are two-joint muscles that extend the hip and flex the knee. Both motions are interdependent and will affect each other s function. Dysfunctions are commonly found at the ischium, at the lateral aspect of the knee, and at the pes anse-rinus bursa. 

The gluteus maximus, biceps femoris semtte-ndinosus, and semimembranosus muscles create extension. This is best evaluated with the patient prone and the knees extended. 

Fig. 12.8. Anatomy of the posterior (ischiocrural) muscles and tendons of the hip. Schematic drawing of a posterior view through the hip illustrates the insertion of the posterior muscles onto the ischial tuberosity (IT). The gluteus maximus (Gma) is shown in a semitransparent rendering over the ischiocrural muscles. Beneath it, observe the semimembranosus (sm), semi-tendinosus (st) and long head of the biceps femoris (Ihb) muscles. The semimembranosus has a separate tendon (I), whereas the semitendinosus and the long head of the biceps arise from the lateral aspect of the ischial tuberosity (IT) through a common tendon (2). Note the relationships between these muscles and the sciatic nerve (SN). GT, greater trochanter...

Three ischiocrural (hamstring) muscles are found in the posterior compartment the biceps femoris, the semimembranosus and the semitendinosus (Fig. 13.12). All originate from the ischial tuberosity and insert distally onto the medial aspect of the tibia... 

In the posterior thigh, the most common muscle to tear is the biceps femoris (long head involved in approximately 85% of all cases of hamstring injuries), probably because this muscle contains a high proportion of type 2 fibers, plays an eccentric function and is intrinsically more inextensible due to its double origin from the femur and the ischial tuberosity (Garret 1990 Slavotineck et al. 2002). In a considerable number of cases (37%), the injury to the biceps femoris occurs in association with a semitendinosus strain, whereas the isolated rupture of the semitendinosus (30%) and semimem-... 

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