Behavioral outcomes

Lapchak PA, Araujo DM, Pakola S, Song D, Wei J, Zivin JA. Microplasmin a novel thrombolytic that improves behavioral outcome after embolic strokes in rabbits. Stroke 2002 33 2279-2284. 

It is important to consider that the behavioral outcome of amphetamine-induced alterations in monoamine release is determined by changes induced in postsynaptie targets of monoamine neurons. The consequences of... 

Wiessner, C., Bareyre, F. M., Allegrini, P. R. etal. Anti-Nogo-A antibody infusion 24 hours after experimental stroke improved behavioral outcome and corticospinal plasticity in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 23 154-165, 2003. 

The accumulated evidence leaves no doubt that MeHg is a serious developmental toxicant in humans, especially to the nervous system. While the toxicological, and behavioral outcomes resulting from high-concentration in utero MeHg exposures are not in debate, questions regarding risks and mechanisms of action following low-concentration, chronic in utero exposures remain. 

These data demonstrate that H3 antagonists, like GT-2016 can improve acquisition of a novel task in the immature juvenile rats. Further, these findings are the first to correlate H3 receptor occupancy with a behavioral outcome. 

The primary approach currently used to detect and characterize potential neurotoxicants involves the use of animal models, particularly rodents. Behavioral and neurophysiological tests, often similar to the ones used in humans, are typically administered. The sensitivity of these measures to neurotoxicant exposure is widely accepted. Although it is often not possible to test toxicant effects on some higher behavioral functions in animals (e.g., verbal ability, cognitive flexibility), there are other neurobehavioral outcomes such as memory loss, motivational defects, somatosensory deficits, and motor dysfunction that can be successfully modeled in rodents. These behaviors are based on the ability of the nervous system to integrate multiple inputs and outputs, thus they cannot be modeled adequately in vitro. Although the bulk of neurotoxicity data has been collected in rodents, birds and primates are also used to model human behavioral outcomes. 

Where absolute and relative systems focus on behaviors, outcome-oriented systems are concerned with evaluating end results. These systems involve setting... 

Accornero VH, Morrow CE, Bandstra ES, Johnson AL, Anthony JC. Behavioral outcome of preschoolers exposed prenatally to cocaine role of maternal behavioral health. J Pediatr Psychol 2002 27(3) 259-69. 

Gerber, Stocker, Tanimura and Thum use Drosophila to elucidate the generation of behavior from olfactory and gustatory sensation. The functional anatomy of Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons is described both for mature flies and larvae, which emerge as simpler model system with fewer olfactory receptors and with attraction and repulsion as easily testable, behavioral outcomes. 

For the purposes of our study, the neuro-intellectual and behavioral outcome of all the ID and IS children was related to the thyroid function of their mothers over the first half of gestation. Average values of maternal T3, T4, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4),TSH and TBG saturation by T4 at 8, 13 and 20 weeks of gestation in both the ID area ADHD+ and ADHD— subgroups,... 

EXAMPLE 12.11 Not only does consumption of food made with Olestra have the same side effects as the lipase inhibitors but also an adverse behavioral outcome is that its use does little to promote changes toward a healthy lifestyle. Food that contains Olestra must be labeled with a warning of both the intestinal conseqnences and the complication that the passage of Olestra into the large intestine can impede the nptake of the fat-solnble vitamins. For this reason foods that contain Olestra are usually supplemented with the hpid soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. 

Otani N, Nawashiro H, Fukui S, Ooigawa H, Ohsumi A, Toyooka T, Shima K (2007) Role of the activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway on histologiceil tind behavioral outcome after traumatic brain injury in rats. J CUn Neurosci 14 42-48... 

In the first study (see V] I will exclude behaviors from the analysis and focus on how context (e.g. embeddedness in firm and use environment] and personal factors (e.g. use experience and lead usemess] influence individual dispositions (e.g. cognition and innovativeness] of embedded lead users. In the second study (see part VI] I will focus on lead userness of employees as the central concept and model both personal antecedents and behavioral outcomes. In both studies 1 will not measure, to what extent lead users are embedded and socialized into Arms, but regard firm affiliation as given. This follows from my definition of embedded lead users. 

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