BAT reference documents

European Commission (2012) Best available techniques (BAT) reference document for the tanning of hides and skins - final draft June 2012. See http //eippcb.jrc.es/reference/BREF/ TAN FD 06 2012.pdf. Accessed 15 July 2012... 

The practical implementation of the Directive takes place by means of the development of a series of BAT Reference Documents (BREFs) which serve as guidance documents either for individual industrial sectors (such as the chlor-alkali industry) or, in the case of the so-called lateral BREFs , for cross-cutting activities. 

Since September 2007 in the European Union, a revised draft of the BAT Reference Documents (BREF) is available. The BREF-documents are prepared by a technical bureau of the European Union Commission. The European IPPC Bureau in Seville, Spain has prepared five BREF documents that are directly or indirectly related to waste management. The BREF documents... 

IPPC recognises the need to integrate the approach to pollution prevention and control, ie. to consider the pollution potential with regard to air, land and water, and to select the solution which has the least net impact. The thorny problem of determining how to assess relative impacts of a process on more than one medium is still under consideration. A document for the guidance of national governments — the BAT Reference Document for cement and lime production — is in preparation [31.14]. 

Aluminium melting in foundries generally uses alloyed ingots as a starting material, although in some cases the metal is delivered already as a liquid. The secondary melting of aluminium scrap is usually not performed in foundries and falls outside the scope of this document. It is discussed in the BAT reference document for the non-ferrous metals industries. 

While the BAT reference documents do not set legally binding standards, they are meant to give information for the guidance of industry, Member States and the public on achievable emission and consumption levels when using specified techniques. The appropriate limit values for any specific case will need to be determined taking into account the objectives of the IPPC Directive and the local considerations. 

When implementing the lED, for various industrial sectors BAT reference documents (BREFs) are prepared containing the BAT conclusions and the associated emission levels (BAT-AEL). Whereas the BREFs established before the lED had merely a guiding character, BAT conclusions are binding, meaning they are the reference for setting the permit conditions and therefore the discharge conditions. 

The EU s requirements are put forward in EU Directive 96/61/EF (IPPC Directive, Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control). The IPPC Directive with BREF (BAT REFerence document) will regulate all environmental aspects in one concession including energy and silica powder recovery. 

Considerable information about pollutants, emission sources, and treatment techniques has been given in the reference document on best available techniques (BATs) in common waste-water and waste gas treatment released by the European Commission in 2003 (EC, 2003). 

The nature, amount and concentration of emissions are regulated by public norms and rules specific for each country. The European Commission released recommendations and example of implementation in different countries in the frame of reference documents [22] known as the best available technique (BAT). One of the most useful document deals with large-volume organic chemicals (LVOC). The following short discussion regards specifically the acrylonitrile, but the approach may be applied to other situations. 

The Smitheries and Foundries BREF (Best Available Techniques reference document) reflects an information exchange carried out under Article 16(2) of Council Directive 96/61/EC. This executive summary is intended to be read in conjunction with the BREF s Preface, which explains the structure of the document, its objectives, usage and legal terms. The executive summary describes the main findings, the principal BAT conclusions and the associated emission/consumption levels. It can be read and understood as a stand-alone document but, as a summary, it does not present all the complexities of the full BREF text. It is therefore not intended as a substitute for the full BREF text in BAT decision making. 

The BREF dating from before entering into force of the lED for textile finishing is included in the Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for the Textile Industry (July 2003) a new BREF for the textile industry is planned for 2015-2016. In Flanders the BAT dating from 2010 aims specifically at reducing the emissions of a number of micropollutants from the wastewater (brominated flame retardants, antimony trioxide, fluorosurfactants, nonylphenols and nonylphenolethoxylates, and PAHs). 

This document mostly refers to production related BAT associated emission and consumption levels, and also refers to end-of-pipe techniques whose concentration related performance can be found in the CWW BREF. All BAT associated emission levels relate to total emissions including both point sources and fugitive emissions. 

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