Base population

Oesterling, J. E., Jacobson, S. J., Chute, C. G., et al. Serum prostate specific antigen in a commonly-based population of healthy men. Establishment of age-specific reference ranges. JAMA 270,860-864 (1993). 

Also, we have noted that patients with unilateral cataracts after trauma or retinal detachment repair typically have very similar RRS carotenoid levels in the normal and in the pseudophakic eye. Thus, we have concluded that there is a decline of macular carotenoids that reaches a low steady state just at the time when the incidence and prevalence of AMD begins to rise dramatically. While this age effect has been noticed sometimes also in other studies using clinical populations and different MP detection methods (Sharifzadeh et al. 2006, Nolan et al. 2007), several groups have reported constant, age-independent MP levels. Examples include reflectance-based population studies in which respective average MP optical densities of 0.23 (Delori et al. 2001), 0.33 (Berendschot et al. 2002), and 0.48 (Berendschot and Van Norren 2004) were determined. 

Evolutionary algorithms apply these principles in a problem-solving context. A computer-based population of individuals, each of which, in a silicon world, is a potential solution to a problem, finds itself under "environmental... 

Gaub M, Carlson CL. Behavioral characteristics of DSM-IV ADHD subtypes in a school based population. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1997 25 103-111. 

Species that live in northern seas may be structurally differentiated by environmental conditions, which vary considerably from the centre to the periphery of the area. Crucial factors are the temperature and salinity of the water and the character of the nutritive base. Populations of cod, herring and flounder exist in two forms, oceanic and coastal (Shatunovsky, 1980). 

Jonsson, E.N. and M.O. Karlsson. 1999. Xpose - an S-PLUS-based population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model building aid for NONMEM. Comp. Methods Prog. Biomed. 58 51-64. 

Kofflard MJ, Ten Cate FJ, van der Lee C, et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a large community-based population clinical outcome and identification of risk factors for sudden cardiac death and clinical deterioration. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 41 987-993. 

Moffatt, M. F., Schou, C., Faux, J. A. et al. 2001. Association between quantitative traits underlying asthma and the HLA-DRB1 locus in a family-based population sample. Eur J Hum Genet 9 341-346. 

Frese, L., Schittenhelm, S., and Dambroth, M., Development of base populations from root and tuber crops for the production of sugar and starch as raw material for industry, Landbauforschung Volkenrode, 37, 213, 1987. 

Pathological correlates of late-onset dementia in a multicentre, community-based population in England and Wales. Lancet 357 169-175... 

Quantity conserved Population, units Normalization, units Ctmversion from number based population Size distribution, m... 

Jones, D.E.J., Watt, F.E., Metcalf, J.V., Bassendine, MJ ., James, O.F.W. Familial primary biliary cirrhosis reassessed a geographically based population study. J. Hepatol. 1999 30 402—407... 

E. N. Jonsson, and M. O. Karlsson, Xpose—an S-PLUS based population pharmacoki-netic/pharmacodynamic model building aid for NONMEM. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 58 51-64 (1999). 

APPLICATION OF POISSON-BASED POPULATION ANALYSIS TO APNEIC EPISODE DATA... 

The most commonly used age- or stage-based population models are based on the Leslie matrix (Leslie 1945). With the Leslie matrix, the population contains n ages or stages and is described by a column vector, as shown next. I present a hypothetical insect in this example, which has an egg, a nymph, and an adult stage. Furthermore, all individuals in this example are females. 

In this chapter we present an individual-based population model (Metapopulation model for Assessing Spatial and Temporal Effects of Pesticides [MASTEP]). M ASTEP describes the effects on, and recovery of, populations of the water louse Asellus aqua-ticus following exposure to a fast-acting, nonpersistent insecticide caused by spray drift for pond, ditch, and stream scenarios. The model used the spatial and temporal distribution of the exposure in different treatment conditions as an input parameter. A dose-response relation derived from a hypothetical mesocosm study was used to link the exposure with the effects. The modeled landscape was represented as a lattice of 1 x 1 m cells. The model included processes of mortality of A. aquaticus, life history, random walk between cells, density-dependent population regulation, and in the case of the stream scenario, medium-distance drift of A. aquaticus due to flow. All parameter estimates were based on the results of a thorough review of published information on the ecology of A. aquaticus and expert judgment. 

Kriticos DI, Brown JR, Maywald GF, Radford ID, Nicholas DM, Sutherst RW, Adkins SW. 2003. SPAnDX a process-based population dynamics model to explore management and climate change impacts on an invasive alien plant, Acacia nilotica. Ecol Model 163 187-208. 

Crouse DT, Crowder LB, Caswell H. 1987. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68 1412-1423. 

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