Bar coding techniques

Bio-bar code technique was also employed by Shen et al. [16] with an electrochemical DNAzyme biosensor. The DNAzyme hybridizes to a specially designed complementary substrate strand that has an overhang, which in turn hybridizes to the DNA-Au bio-bar code (short oligonucleotides attached to 13-nm gold nanoparticles). Upon binding of Pb + to the DNAzyme, the DNAzyme... 

Fig. 4. Schematic of the Closed Container Sampling technique used in the Baxter PARAMAX analy2er showing (a) the collection tube with bar-coded label being brought into sampling position under the caimula (b) the tube raised so that the caimula has penetrated the stopper (c) the sample sensing probe coming through the caimula to aspirate the exact volume required for each assay and (d) after sampling, where the tube is lowered away from the cannula.

STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAL PROTEIN-EMBEDDING TECHNIQUE AND DESIGN OF BAR CODE... 

The techniques of optical character manipulation have been used for over 15 years, but have only become economically compatible with bar code reading in the last 5 years. 

A real combinatorial testing of libraries of small compound catalysts is hampered by the problem that the information about which catalyst reacted with the substrate to which product needs to be transferred. In the case of the highly inventive encoding techniques for libraries (e. g. via radio frequencies or bar codes), this problem may be solved in the future [23]. 

Encoding techniques provide an alternative to deconvolution. In this method, a unique tag molecule or set of tags is introduced at each synthetic step to define each synthon used during library construction. This approach accurately records in the tag bar code those synthetic steps and exact synthons that any... 

Identification is a major problem in clinical laboratories, and serious untoward events can occur with misidentified specimens. Unambiguous identification is possible today with bar-coding and similar machine-labeling techniques (31). The model discussed here is for testing patient-derived materials in a clinical laboratory the model can, of course, be extended to other applications. A machine-readable label on every specimen is the contemporary standard of modern equipment. Keying in identifiers to an instrument is less desirable owing to the inevitable human errors. In our experience with bar-code readers, they read the label correctly or don t work at all. The topic, automated specimen identifications, is described in more detail in Section 8.2 here (32). 

A fourth area considered essential for checking is ensuring that the correct identification is on the primary pack, i.e. bar code read or optical character verification (OCV) of the primary pack, label, leaflet, carton, outer casing or outer label. Bar codes and reading are dealt with in Chapter 5, but the techniques of optical character reading (OCR) or OCV are described below. The OCR/OCV techniques have only become economically comparable with bar code reading in recent years. They are... 

Xiao et al. [87] recently reported laser optical synthesis encoding (LOSC), a technique where a polystyrene-grafted synthetic support contained a two-dimensional laser-etched bar code on a ceramic substrate. Different chemical handles were introduced on the solid support, and a small 27-member oligonucleotide library was encoded and subsequently decoded successfully by a small camera linked to combinatorial software for the automation of sorting/tracking procedures. 

A major function of management is control. Cycle counting is a technique that is used to control inventory. One of the most common failures in inventory systems is that the data are not accurate. This error can be prevented. One common technique is to bar code inventory, so that the amount of inventory and the type of inventory at each stage can be quickly scanned into the computer. But, it is also important that cycle counts be conducted. 

Printing on plastics serves the purpose of decoration and placing information, such as bar coding, freshness dates, etc., on the part surface. The conventional techniques for printing include... 

---