Bacterial Cellulose BC

One of the first applications of the natural product bacterial cellulose (BC) was the use as a calorie-free dessert called Nata de Coco, today a common Asian food. 

Later the same research group claimed that, in the first step of the in situ synthesis scheme, ionic functional groups as such are not necessary for the introduction of ferrous ions into a cellulose matrix [161,162], This suggestion was made based on a comparative study of ferrite synthesis between a case with anionically modified cellulose materials and the other case with non-ionic cellulose gels, which included a never-dried bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane and a never-dried cellulose wet-spun filament or cast film (Lyocell) using N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide as the solvent. SPM proper-... 

This study aimed to select the best strain for bacterial cellulose (BC) production along with the investigation of the cell growth and substrate utilization. The kinetics of growth and... 

Nanocellulose, such as that produced by the bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus (bacterial cellulose, BC), is an emerging biomaterial with great potential in several applications. The performance of bacterial cellulose stems from its high purity, ultra-fine network structure and high mechanical properties in the dry state [114]. These features allow its applications in scaffold for tissue regeneration, medical applications and nanocomposites. A few researchers have used bacterial cellulose mats to reinforce polymeric matrices and scaffolds with wound healing properties [115-121]. BC is pure cellulose made by bacterial fabrication via biochemical... 

Fig. 10.7 Examples of biomedical applications of BC are meniscus replacements (pig meniscus on the left, BC meniscus on the right), artificial blood vessels and wound dressing for skin heaiing [76-78], Nanocellulose (bacterial cellulose, BC), such as that produced by Acetobacter xylinum, has shown promising results as a replacement material for small diameter vascular grafts (Fig. 10.8). These BC tubes have been tested in a pig model as an infrarcnal aortic bypass and show promising results for use as vascular grafts in the future...

Fig. 10 Effect of addition of bacterial cellulose (BC) on the compression elastic modulus of the PVA-BC nanocomposite as a function of the number of ETCs at 45 % strain and 100 %/s strain rate. Reprinted from [45] with permission. Copyright 2009 Wiley Periodicals...

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is frequently studied in order to clarify the mechanism for biosynthesis of cellulose (Tokoh et al. 2002a). Details of mechanisms for biopolymerization and simultaneous crystallization in long parallel rows of extended chains are understood fairly well. As an example of the nature of such studies, effects of pectin and xylan medium on the crystallite morphology have been demonstrated (Tokoh et al. 2002b). 

Sanchavanakit et al. (2006) reported the responses of human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts on bacterial cellulose (BC) film. The results suggest that BC film can promote the reepithelialization process. This may be a biological mechanism by which BC film facilitates wound healing. Therefore, BC film holds a high potential for therapeutic application for skin wounds, which is suitable for partial thickness dermal loss wounds such as donor site skin graft wound or post abrasive laser... 

Gluconacetobacter xylinus) produces a three-dimensional network of bundles of cellulose fibrils. Pure sheets of bacterial cellulose (BC) can be used in composites without any further disintegration [25]. 

Table 10.1 Bacterial Cellulose (BC) productivity of six Gluconacetobacter xylinus strains in the HS, MO, and MOL Media...

The third gel was a cellulose/PDMAAm DN gel, which consists of bacterial cellulose (BC) and poly-dimethyl-acrylamide. The fourth gel was a cellulose/gelatin DN gel, which consists of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin. These four unique gel materials have great potential for application as an artificial cartilage. 

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is biodegradable polyester produced by specific genera of bacteria Acetobacter, Rhizobium, Agrobacterium) and certain algae [33,34]. The chemical structure of BC is similar to that of plant cellulose, but BC possesses considerably superior physical, mechanical, and biological properties when compared to plant cellulose [35]. BC is chemically pure and does not contain any impurities such as lignin and hemicelluloses that are associated with plant cellulose. It exhibits a fibrous network... 

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