Bacterial cell wall polysaccharide

A good example of this interaction in catalysis is the hydrolysis of the bacterial cell wall polysaccharide by lysozyme. This enzyme contains two carboxylic gronps at its active site and, in active enzyme one must be in dissociated—COO, the other in the undissociated—COOH form. Therefore, the pK s of the two carboxylic groups ate different. This difference in dissociation constant is a consequence of the neighbouring amino acid residues and of the interactions between the functional groups in the microenvironment. 

Myeloma proteins occur in animal tumors of various types. The synthesis of these proteins can be induced in some experimental animals by injection of mineral oil, or the implantation of plastic discs.161 Myeloma proteins were shown to possess antibody activity, with specificity for different types of substances.161 Some of these proteins were found to combine with such carbohydrates as bacterial, cell-wall polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, dextrans, levans, and galactans.162 Myeloma proteins that combine with galactans or dextrans possess anti-galactan activity,163,164 or anti-dextran activity,165-167 and have been studied most extensively. 

Anion of muramic acid, O-Lactyl-GlcNAc (Mur), found in bacterial cell wall polysaccharides. 

In 1967, two possible general mechanisms for the biosynthesis of linear polysaccharides were proposed.86 The first was the primer mechanism already discussed, and the second was the sequential addition of monomer units to the reducing end by the insertion between a carrier and the growing polysaccharide chain. This latter mechanism had been shown for Salmonella sp. O-antigenic polysaccharide87 then in 1973, it was shown for the bacterial cell-wall polysaccharide murein88 in which the carrier was a polyisoprenoid pyrophosphate. 

Bacterial Cell Wall Polysaccharides (Figure 9,25, Figure 9.26, Structure) Glycoproteins (Table 9,6)... 

Lysozyme Degrades bacterial cell-wall polysaccharides 0.5 6 X 10 S... 

What role do polysaccharides play in the structure of cell walls In bacterial cell walls, polysaccharides are cross-linked to peptides. Plant cell walls consist primarily of glucose. 

Constituent of bacterial cell-wall polysaccharides. Cryst. (MeOH/EtOAc). 

Yasuda M, Tateno H, Hirabayashi T, Bno T, SakoT (2011) Lectin micioarray reveals binding profiles of Lactobacillus easel strains in a comprehensive analysis of bacterial cell wall polysaccharides. Appl Environ Microbiol 77 4539-4546... 

Chitin is a polysaccharide that has a structure very similar to that of cellulose and the bacterial cell wall polysaccharide murein. The structure of chitin is essentially the structure of cellulose, with the hydroxyl group at C-2 of the D-glucopyranose residue substituted with an A -acetylamino group [132] (see Fig. 6.15A). Chitin is the structural polysaccharide that replaces cellulose in the cell wall of many species of lower plants. It is found in fungi, yeast, green algae, and brown and red seaweed cell walls. Chitin is also the major component of the exoskeleton of insects. It is found in the cuticles of annelids, molluscs, and in the shells of crustaceans such as shrimp, crab, and lobster [133]. 

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