Bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae

Zeroual Y, Moutaouakkil A, Blaghen M (2001) Volatilization of mercury by immobilized bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae) in different support by using fluidized bed bioreactor. Curr Microbiol 43 322-327... 

Arsenicals were ineffective in controlling certain bacterial and viral infections. Mice experimentally infected with bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonias) or viruses (pseudorabies, encephalitis, encephalmyocarditis) showed a significant increase in mortality when treated with large doses of arsenicals compared to nonarsenic-treated groups (NAS 1977 Aranyi et al. 1985). 

The nitrogenase proteins are generally characterized by two letters indicating the species and strains of bacteria and the numerals 1 for the MoFe protein and 2 for the Fe protein. Thus, the Fe protein from Azotobacter vinelandii is Av2 and the MoFe protein from Klebsiella pneumoniae is Kpl. 

Mainly [l,2,4]triazolo[3,4-3][l,3,4]thiadiazoles 139 have been tested for their activity against various bacteria like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Bacillus subtillis (Table 4). 

Standard and the isolated strains of the following bacteria, namely Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 7002), Klebsiella pneumoniae (RSKK 574), Acinetobacter baumannii (RSKK 02026), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) for determination of antibacterial activity, along with standard strains of Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) and C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) were used for determination of antifungal activity. 

The DKPs cyclo(His-Ala) and cyclo(His-Gly) proved to have promising anticancer activity comparable with that observed for cisplatin. Cyclo(His-Ala) in particular demonstrated an ability to inhibit tumor growth in HT-29, HeLa, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Cyclo(His-Gly) however, only had a marked effect on MCF-7 carcinoma cells at a concentration of 100 pmol 1. Both DKPs at a concentration of 0.5 mmolwere effective against two of the three Gram-positive bacteria, that is, Bacillus and S. aureus. Cycfo(His-Gfy) was more effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae than cyclo(His-Ala). Cyclo(His-Afa) and cycfo(His-Gfy) inhibited the growth of C. albicans by 66.3 and 47%, respectively. 

Salt concentrations of up to 2% have been shown to be ineffective in preventing the growth of Morganella morganii and Klebsiella pneumonia. Higher concentrations of salt (3.5 to 5.5%) could inhibit the histamine production of some histamine-forming bacteria. In one study, the degree of inhibition of bacteria stored for five weeks at 5°C showed a linear relationship with the concentration of salt. 

PMN infiltration also occurs following exposure to some common microbial cotton contaminants (Enterobacter aerogenes (44), Klebsiella pneumoniae or Escherichia coll), but not others (. subtills) (45). Cotton dust extracts pretreated at 80 C and 100 C for 20 minutes cause successively higher leucocyte responses, indicating that the chemotactlc effect is not solely affected by viable bacteria (46). Thus, while the increase seen in PMNs may not, by itself, represent a pathological alteration, it could be of importance in the later development of pathological effects. 

Clostridium perfringens. Several isolates were used to determine if histamine-forming bacteria could grow and if whole cell suspensions could decarboxylate histidine at low temperatures. At 4 C Klebsiella pneumoniae grew in skipjack infusion broth and its resting cells produced histamine from histidine. 

Enteric bacteria have been found to differ with respect to the ability to become integrated into the endophytic microflora of alfalfa roots (Dong et al., 2001). A strain isolated from maize, Klebsiella pneumoniae 342, colonizes the interior of several host plants in higher numbers compared to... 

Figure 85. Activity of some alkaloids on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, 1) and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2) bacteria. Explanations Observe that the value for Scutianine E and Xanthoxyline is the same (12.5pg). Alkaloids indicated in 1 but not in 2 have values of more than 100 pg. In the case of Penduline there is no data available (Refs [388, 389, 390, 394 ]).

Not only are two molecules of ATP hydrolyzed to pump each electron, but the Fe-protein must receive electrons from a powerful (low E°) reductant such as reduced ferredoxin, reduced flavodoxin, or dithionite. Klebsiella pneumoniae contains a pyruvate flavodoxin oxidoreductase (Eq. 15-35) that reduces either flavodoxin or ferredoxin to provide the low potential electron donor.29 30 In some bacteria, e.g., the strictly aerobic Azotobacter, NADPH is the electron donor for reduction of N2. The Fe-protein is thought to accept electrons from a chain that includes at least the ordinary bacterial ferredoxin (Fd) and a special one-electron-accepting azotoflavin, a flavoprotein that is somewhat larger than the flavodoxins (Chapter 15) and appears to play a specific role in N2 fixation.31 In Clostridium and Rhizobium reduced ferredoxins generated by cleavage of pyruvate reduce nitrogenase directly.32... 

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