Backend processing

Ella now turns to the first slideshow that she sent out. The starting point is a description of the interaction design process. She also shows the more formal backend process, displaying the many gates with which Volvo typically operates. But there are differences in the way the different departments work. Ella explains that in her experience, the Design department works more iteratively, whereas the Software department works more according to the waterfall model. ... 

The basics of the paste preparation were explained in Sect. 2.3.3. For the devices presented in this book, the paste was deposited onto cleaned chips using a dropcoating method [48,61]. The deposition was performed by the company Applied-Sensor (Reutlingen, Germany). A metal-wire loop is immersed in the paste and the tin-oxide suspension adhering to the loop forms a droplet, which is accurately positioned in the membrane center. After the drop deposition, the whole chip is put in a belt oven and annealed for 20 min at a temperature of 400 °C. This temperature is close to the elevated-temperature steps at the backend of the CMOS process. Consequently, we never observed a significant difference of the circuitry performance between coated and uncoated chips. The whole deposition process is, therefore, fully CMOS compatible, and no additional on-chip annealing is necessary. 

Unfortunately, most of these tools are extremely expensive, and are fairly complex to deploy, requiring a database backend for alert storage. Surprisingly, they also have limited correlation capabilities, only providing a dozen or so rules as example for the development of environment-specific correlation rules. They should be viewed as a development framework for writing correlation rules. Since our correlation needs are very diverse, we could not find a platform that would allow us to run multiple correlation processes in parallel, from dynamic statistical analysis to vulnerability assessment. Also, manipulation of contextual data with interfaces to the inventory and configuration databases of the companies, was a strong requirement that no commercial tool satisfied at the time we launched the project. 

In the clustered case, the master data tunnel consists of a dispatcher forwarding received data packets to all connected render nodes. Additionally, slave data tunings exist which ignore all computation request to the HPC backend. Consecpiently, only requests by the master are processed. The hybrid architecture is depicted in Fig. 3.56. 

An RFID system is composed of three main elements an RFID tag (inlay), which contains data that uniquely identifies an object an RFID reader, which writes this unique data on the tags and, when requested, can read this unique identifier and an RFID middleware, which processes the data acquired from the reader and then updates it to the backend database or ERP systems (Weis, Sarma, Rivest, Engels, 2004). 

Figure 1.2 A cross-section scanning electron microscope image of a six-level metal backend structure. The insulating layers between the metal layers have been etched away, similar to the sacrificial etch that is used to release structures in the polysilicon surface micromachining process described below. (Reprinted with permission from JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.)...

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