Baby formula vitamin

Figure 7.7. HPLC analysis of water-soluble vitamins in a beverage powder sample (Tang ) and a baby formula (Similac ) using ion-pair reversed-phase chromatography and UV detection. Reprinted with permission from reference 17.

At present, over 3000 tons of riboflavin are industrially produced each year. About 70% of this material is used as feed additive in the form of free-flowing, spray-dried granules or microgranules. The remaining 30% are required for the fortification of foods like breakfast cereals, pastas, sauces, processed cheese, fruit drinks, vitamin-enriched milk products, baby formulas, and clinical infusions. 

Vitamins and Other Nutrients in Food Matrices see also Section 6.3. Food matrices are available with values assigned for vitamins, carotenoids, fatty acids, cholesterol, natural toxins, veterinary drugs, and hormone residues. The NIST food matrix SRMs for vitamins include coconut oil (SRM 1563), infant formula (SRM 1846), and baby food composite (SRM 2383) (particularly for carotenoids). Fatty acids and cholesterol are the primary analytes of interest in meat homogenate (SRM 1546) and diet... 

Infant food such as human milk and fortified formula provide an essential source of nutrition for baby feed. This nutrition is essential for normal growth and functioning of the human body therefore, particular attention should be paid to ensure an adequate and balanced intake of vitamins. Several methods have been developed for the analysis of vitamins in infant foods. Huang and coworkers determined vitamin K1 isomers (cis- and trans-forms) in infant formulas using UPLC-MS/MS [83]. 

A heat-treated commercial milk formula became popular for breastfeeding infants in the US in the 1950s. However, it was discovered that the formula was deficient in vitamin Bg and also had some anti-pyridoxine activity. Some of the babies fed on this formula became ill with epileptic symptoms, similar to PDS. Seizures and electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities vanished within a few minutes after pyridoxine injection. 

There are four groupings of the U.S. RDAs. (See NUTRIENTS REQUIRFMFNTS, ALLOWANCES, EUNCTIONS, SOURCES.) The best known, and the one that will E)e used on most nutrition information panels and most mineral and vitamin supplements, is for adults and children over 4 years of age, shown in Table E-12. The second is for infants up to 1 year, and the third is for children under 4 years. These two will be used on infant formulas, baby foods, and other foods appropriate for these ages as well as vitamin-mineral supplements intended for their use. The fourth is for pregnant women or women who are nursing their babies. 

NOTE Evaporated milk is low in iron, vitamin D (unless fortified with the nutrient), folacin, and vitamin C. Hence, babies fed evaporated milk formulas should be given the appropriate nutritional supplements and/or the supplemental beverages or foods that provide the deficient nutrients. 

Consequently, the workshop recommends specific monitoring of iodine intake of mothers and infants in Europe by periodic analysis of urinary iodine levels, and to the extent feasible, of serum TSH and thyroid hormone measures. The daily intake of iodine should be at least 200 pg in pregnant and lactating women and 90-120 pg in young infants. To reach these objectives, the mothers diet should be systematically supplemented with iodine whenever necessary, by vitamins/minerals tablets as prescribed by physicians. Breast milk is the best source of iodine for the infant, and exclusive breast feeding for 4-6 months should be encouraged. However, when circumstances require that infants receive formula, the iodine content of formula milk should be increased fiom the traditional recommendation of S pg/dl milk to 10 pg/dl for full term and 20 pg/dl for premature babies. 

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