B cyclins

Epstein, C. B and Cross, F. R. (1992). CLB5 a novel B cyclin from budding yeast with a role in S phase. Genes Dev. 6 1695-1706. 

B. Cyclin-dependent Kinase-2/Cyclin Kinase Inhibitors... 

Hayles, J., D. Fisher, A. Woollard P. Nurse. 1994. Temporal order of S phase and mitosis in fission yeast is determined by the state of the p34 " -mitotic B cyclin complex. Cell 78 813-22. 

The activated CDKl-cyclin B kinase finally phosphor-ylates a large number of proteins most of which are not well characterized, leading to chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation. 

APC is active from mid-M phase (anaphase) to the end of G1 phase and required for disconnecting sister chromatids and exit from M-Phase to Gl. The complex mediates the ubiquitination of Securin and Cyclin B. Degradation of these proteins, which block mitotic progression, promotes anaphase onset and exit from mitosis. 

Rowley, A., Johnston, G.C., Butler, B., Werner-Washbume, M., Singer, R.A. (1993). Heat shock-mediated cell cycle blockage and G1 cyclin expression in the yeast saccomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 1034-1041. 

Othet cyclins and CDKs are involved in different aspects of cell cycle progression (Table 36-7). Cychn E and CDK2 form a complex in late Gl. Cychn E is tapidly degraded, and the released CDK2 then fotms a complex with cyclin A. This sequence is necessaty fot the initiation of DNA synthesis in S phase. A complex between cychn B and CDKl is tate-hmiting fot the G2/M transition in eukatyotic cells. 

Existing SEC retention theories have been independently developed for each of the molecular-shape models shown in Figure 1. The deep hollow cyclin-drical pore in the figure (A, B, and C) illustrates the SEC exclusion effect on three types of solute molecules, hard-sphere, rigid-rod, and random-coil, respectively. The individual theories and their bases of commonality are now reviewed briefly. 

B. Regulators of Cdc2/Cdk2 Protein Kinase Activity Cyclins... 

Bueno, A Richardson, H., Reed, S. I., and Russell, P. (1991). A fission yeast B-type cyclin functioning early in the cell cycle. Cell 66 149-159. 

Chapman, D. L., and Wolgemuth, D. J. (1992). Identification of a mouse B-type cyclin which exhibits developmentally regulated expression in the germ line. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 33 259-269. 

Dalby, B., and Glover, D. M. (1992). 3 non-translated sequences in Drosophila cyclin B transcripts direct posterior pole accumulation late in oogenesis and perinuclear association in syncitial embryos. Development 115 989-997. 

Fitch, I., Dahmann, C., Surana, U., Amon, A., Nasmyth, K., Goetsch, L., Byers, B., and Futcher, B. (1992). Characterization of four B-type cyclin genes of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Biol. Cell 3 805-818. 

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