Autonomic Nervous System Answers

The answers arc 488-d, 489-h. (Katzang, pp 108-112, 1020.) Atropine blocks muscarinic cholinergic transmission in the brain and in the autonomic nervous system. The result is dry mouth, thirst, dry and hot skin, tachycardia, urinary retention, ataxia, restlessness, excitement, and hallucinations, followed by stupor, delirium, respiratory depression, coma, and death. 

The answer is d. (Hardman, pp 192-193.) Nicotine is a depolarizing ganglionic blocking agent that initially stimulates and then blocks nicotinic muscular (NM) (skeletal muscle) and nicotinic neural (NN) (parasympathetic ganglia) cholinergic receptors. Blockade of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) results in arteriolar vasodilation, bradycardia, and hypotension. Blockade at the neuromuscu-... 

This question deserves a fuller treatment than I can give it here. The answer, I think, is connected with the fact that breathing is an automatic response, controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Appetites, acquired and unacquired, are sustained by reward.34 In contrast, I suppose, the desire to breathe and the discomfort of not breathing do not involve the brain s reward system in the same way, but I am not sure how to incorporate these observations into a satisfactory definition of the appetitive. 

How did scopolamine and atropine, both components of henbane, kill King Hamlet To answer this, let s return to the autonomic nervous system. Recall the functions of the ANS that I mentioned previously. For example, it controls heart and breathing rate, intestinal motility, pupil dilation, salivation, and perspiration The two major components of the ANS, the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems (see Fig. 2—4), essentially function in competition with each other to maintain... 

What did we do with this primitive form of clustering Well, we studied compounds active in the autonomic nervous system. We did that because my collaborator was a psychologist. We were particularly interested in the question of physiological versus behavioral effects of the same kinds of compounds. In other words, it some related compounds had a physiological effect, could one read between the lines of the information and see that they also had a behavioral effect On the other hand, when a number of related compounds had a behavioral effect, could one read between the lines and also see whether they had a physiological effect or not It that had been the only purpose of our work we would have quit it after six months because we very quickly found out the answer to the question is obviously yes (b). Let me illustrate with some of the indole-nucleus compounds that we examined early on in our work (Table II). 

You should be able to answer these review questions using the information provided in this chapter. You may need to refer to a physiology book for physiology of the autonomic nervous system. 

On the contrary, there are two lines in the biological activity to unconscious response as a physical condition. The one is direct channel 3 and the other is channel 4, via a mental activity. These two signals are combined and sent by channel 7 for output. This unconscious response might be an honest answer because it was not modulated by such as reason. This unconscious response is an example reflecting autonomic nervous system activities such as respiration and pulse. 

Daily life is roughly classified into two items of in awake and at sleep. For the former, mental activities modulated by reason and emotion et al, are expressed by cerebrum for a conscious response. On the contrary, for the latter, because of unconscious state, autonomic nervous system activity is superior so that physical activities are expressed for an unconscious response. This is why the answer is put into unconscious response. Thus, measurement system developed at the present study if set at home would make possible to take data. 

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