Autologous chondrocyte implantation

Gobbi, A., Kon, E., Berruto, M., Filardo, G., Delcogliano, M., Boldrini, L., Bathan, L., Marcacci, M., 2009. Patellofemoral full-thickness chondral defects treated with second-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation results at 5 years follow-up. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 37, 1083-1092. 

Schneider, U., Rackwitz, L., Andereya, S., Siebenlist, S., Fensky, R, Reichert, J., Loer, L, Barthel, T., Rudert, M., Noth, U., 2011. A prospective multicenter study on the outcome of type I collagen hydrogel-based autologous chondrocyte implantation (CaReS) for the repair of articular cartilage defects in the knee. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 39, 2558-2565. 

NeoCart Histogenics (US) Tissue implant comprised of autologous chondrocytes seeded on a collagen type I scaffold and grown under physiological conditions Cartilage defects Clinical (phase III)... 

It is well-known that the identification of several stem cell sources and their isolation promise to revolutionize the concept of regenerative medicine (Conrad and Huss 2005), allowed us to develop numerous cell-based therapies. For cell therapy, either differentiated (e.g., autologous chondrocytes) (Risbud and Sittinger 2002) or undifferentiated (e.g., stem cells) cells (Spangrude 2003, Zeng and Rao 2007) can be used. An implantation at the injury site of freshly isolated cells (e.g., own-patient cells) or cultured cells (differentiated cells alone or in combination with stem cells, and with or without the presence of bioactive molecules) is a possibihty. 

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