Atrazine aquatic

Gustavson K, Wangberg S-A. 1995. Tolerance induction and succession in microalgal communities exposed to copper and atrazine. Aquat Toxicol 32 283-302. 

For the sample search on aquatic toxicity of atrazine, 1459 results were found. An excerpt on the daphnia acute aquatic toxicity tests (EC50. LC.50) is prc.scnted in Figure 5-33. 

Triazines. Triazine herbicides are one of several herbicide groups that are heterocycHc nitrogen derivatives. Triazine herbicides include the chloro-, methylthio-, and methoxytriazines. They are used for the selective pre-emergence control and early post-emergence control of seedling grass and broadleaved weeds in cropland (299). In addition, some of the triazines, particularly atrazine, prometon [1610-18-0] and simazine [122-34-9] are used for the nonselective control of vegetation in noncropland (2). Simazine may be used for selective control of aquatic weeds (2). 

K. J. Maeek, K. S. Buxton, S. S. Sauter, S. Gnilka and J. W. Dean, Chronic Toxicity of Atrazine to Selected Aquatic Invertebrates and Pishes, Environmental Researeh Laboratory, US Environmental Proteetion Ageney, Deluth, MN, 1976, EPA 600/3-76-047. 

Until recently, the NRA has not participated during the approval process in assessing the potential environmental impact of pesticides. However, the NRA does supply monitoring data to MAFF and HSE for pesticide reviews. These occur once a pesticide has been approved for use for a certain length of time, or when further information is needed on an approved pesticide. In supplying these data, the NRA comments on any areas of concern. This contributed to the 1993 ban on the use of atrazine and simazine on non-cropped land. In January 1995 the NRA s National Centre for Toxic and Persistent Substances (TAPS) was made advisor to the DoF, on the potential impact on the aquatic environment of... 

These high levels were sporadic and transitory. However, some of them were high enough to have caused phytotoxicity, and more work needs to be done to establish whether herbicides are having adverse effects upon populations of aquatic plants in areas highlighted in this study. It should also be borne in mind that there may have been additive or synergistic effects caused by the combinations of herbicides found in these samples. For example, urea herbicides such as diuron and chlortoluron act upon photosynthesis by a common mechanism, so it seems likely that any effects upon aquatic plants will be additive. Similarly, simazine and atrazine share a common mechanism of action. 

Skipper HD, Gilmour CM, Furtick WR (1967) Microbial versus chemical degradation of atrazine in soils. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 31 653-656 Sliwinski MK, Goodman RM (2004) Comparison of cienarchaeal consortia inhabiting the rhizosphere of diverse terrestrial plants with those in bulk soil in native environments. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 1821-1826 Stumm W, Morgan JJ (1996). Aquatic chemistry - chemical equlibrium and rates in Natural Waters (3rd edn). Wiley, New York Vega D, Bastide J (2003) Dimethylphthalate hydrolysis by specific microbial esterase. Chemosphere 51 663-668... 

Atrazine effects on selected species of aquatic plants... 

Atmospheric transport of atrazine-contaminated aerosol particulates, dusts, and soils may contribute significantly to atrazine burdens of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The annual atmospheric input of atrazine in rainfall to the Rhode River, Maryland, as one example, was estimated at 1016 mg/surface ha in 1977, and 97 mg/ha in 1978 (Wu 1981). A similar situation exists with fog water. When fog forms, exposed plant surfaces become saturated with liquid for the duration of the fog (Glotfelty et al. 1987). 

Table 11.4 (continued) Atrazine Effects on Selected Species of Aquatic Plants... 

Table 11.5 Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Atrazine on Selected Species of Aquatic Animals (Concentrations listed are in micrograms of atrazine per liter of medium.)...

Brockway, D.L., P.D. Smith, and F.E. Stancil. 1984. Fate and effects of atrazine in small aquatic microcosms. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 32 345-353. 

Correll, D.L. and T.L. Wu. 1982. Atrazine toxicity to submersed vascular plants in simulated estuarine microcosms. Aquat. Bot. 14 151-158. 

Dewey, S.L. 1986. Effects of the herbicide atrazine on aquatic insect community structure and emergence. Ecology 67 148-162. 

Forney, D.R. 1980. Effects of Atrazine on Chesapeake Bay Aquatic Plants. M.S. Thesis. Auburn University, Auburn, AL. 76 pp. 

Herman, D., N.K. Kaushik, and K.R. Solomon. 1986. Impact of atrazine on periphyton in freshwater enclosures and some ecological consequences. Canad. Jour. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43 1917-1925. 

Jones, T.W. and PS. Estes. 1984. Uptake and phytotoxicity of soil-sorbed atrazine for the submerged aquatic plant, Potamogeton perfoliatus L. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 13 237-241. 

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