ATP metabolism

F. Du, X.-H. Zhu, H. Qiao, X. Zhang and W. Chen, Efficient in vivo P magnetization transfer approach for noninvasively determining multiple kinetic parameters and metabolic fluxes of ATP metabolism in the human brain. Magn. Reson. Med., 2007, 57, 103-114. 

In view of the early results which indicated that mainly phosphorylated ATP derivatives had activity at P2 receptors, the identification of selective agents for one of the P2 receptors seemed to cause problems because of the difficulty in preventing such molecules from being rapidly broken down in the ordinary course of ATP metabolism (Jacobsen et al., 1995 Zimmermann, 2000). 

Recent studies of inorganic ion transport have revealed possible relations to ATP metabolism (40, 42), phospholipideturnover (18), phosphoprotein turnover (3, 32), and oxidative phosphorylation (5, 41). These studies have opened fresh approaches to this problem and have raised hopes that some insight into the mechanism of ion transport will soon be attained. In contrast, progress in studies on amino acid transport has been somewhat less dramatic. 

A careful study of ATP metabolism in hydrogen-grown Methano-bacterium by Roberton (19) has shown that the ATP requirement is not stoichiometric. Less than one molecule of ATP is broken down per molecule of methane produced resynthesis of ATP is too slow to account... 

Altered ATP metabolism Tissue hypoxia Preeclampsia Alcohol... 

A network model of ATP free energy metabolism in muscle consisting of actomyosin ATPase, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca -ATPase and mitochondria has been developed. The model was used to analyse ATP metabolic flux and cytosolic ATP/ADP steady state at six contraction frequencies between 0 and 2 Hz measured in the forearm flexor muscle using P NMR. ... 

Metabolic disorders of muscle include those of glycogen storage, substrate transport and utilization, and electron transport chain and ATP metabolism. Some produce dynamic syndromes with symptoms occurring primarily during exertion, some cause degenerative syndromes, and some produce both. A few are discussed below. 

Toxic doses inhibits respiratory center —>4- respiration — T pC02 —> respiratory acidosis i-l pH, 4 HCCXJ, normalization of pC02) plus inhibition of Krebs cycle and severe uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation (4- ATP) — metabolic acidosis, hyperthermia, and hypokalemia (I K+). 

ATP metabolic energy, phosphate-, pyrophosphate transfer, adenylation ... 

The surprising consequence of the lack of PG and CL in yeast is the lack of translation of mRNAs of four mitochondria-encoded proteins (cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunits I-III) as well as cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV [13] that is nuclear encoded. These results indicate that some aspects of translation of a subset of mitochondrial proteins (those associated with electron transport complexes in the inner membrane but not ATP metabolism) require PG and/or CL. 

Urban, P.L., Schmidt, A.M., Fagerer, S.R., Amantonico, A., Ibanez, A., Jefimovs, K., Heinemann, M., Zenobi, R. (2011) Carbon-13 Labelling Strategy for Studying the ATP Metabolism in Individual Yeast Cells by Micro-arrays for Mass Spectrometry. Mol. BioSyst. 7 2837-2840. 

Based on this pathway of cell death, it appears likely that agents which can alter NAD or ATP metabolism should be useful in sensitizing cells to the cytotoxic effects of some chemotherapeutic agents whose mechanism of action involves the production of DNA damage. Both 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN) and Tiazofurin (Taz) have already been shown to interfere at multiple steps of pyridine nucleotide metabolism. Taz has been shown to produce the Taz analog of NAD (8, 9), to interfere with NAD synthesis and... 

At previous meetings there have been pointers implicating purine metabolism in relation to normal cardiac and skeletal muscle function. During the present meeting much new data on both issues have been reported which indicate clear differences in the pathways of ATP metabolism. The widening of the field of interest is also illustrated by the recent work on infectious disease exploitation of the differences in purine metabolic pathways in certain parasites compared with those in human cells has resulted in new rationales for therapy being developed. 

R27. Phosphorus-31 NMR techniques and membrane lipid structure Implications for mechanisms of membrane fusion Cullis, P. R. Farren, S. B. Hope, M. J. Can. J. Spect. 1981, 26, 89-95 (26 references). R28. Techniques to study metabolic changes at the cellular and organ level DeFuria, R. R. Dygert, M. K. Int. Rev. Cytol. 1983, 83, 27-62 (105 references). Review of ATP metabolism, with emphasis on phosphorus resonance. 

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