ATP-dependent export pump

Jedlitschky G, Burchell B, Keppler D. The multidrug resistance protein 5 functions as an ATP-dependent export pump for cyclic nucleotides. J Biol Chem 2000 275(39) 30069-30074. 

The mercapturic acids and related compounds can then be exported from cells by an ATP-dependent export pump. Glutathione is a coenzyme for glyoxalase (Eq. 13-33), maleylacetoacetate isomerase (Eq. 13-20), and DDT dehydrochlorinase. The latter enzyme catalyzes elimination of HC1 from molecules of the insecticide and is especially active in DDT-resistant flies.3 Glutathione is said to be the specific factor eliciting the feeding reaction of Hydra that is, the release of glutathione from injured cells causes the little animal to engulf food. 

Leier I, Jedlitschky G, Buchholz U, Cole SPG, Deeley RG, Keppler D. The MRP gene encodes an ATP-dependent export pump for leukotriene C4 and structurally related conjugates. J Biol Chem 1994 269 27807-27810. 

Bohme M, Jedlitschky G, Leier I, et al. ATP-dependent export pumps and their inhibition by cyclosporins. Adv Enzyme Regul 1994 34 371-380. 

Intracellular thiolate ligands such as glutathione (GSH, the tripeptide y-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly) are believed to inactivate cisplatin because the reactions with cisplatin tend to be irreversible (35). Elevated levels of GSH have been observed in cisplatin-resistant cells. Recently, it has been shown that an MRP gene, which encodes a human ATP-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump (GS-X pump), is expressed at higher levels in cisplatin-resistant (HL-60/R-CP) cells than in sensitive cells (36). The GS-X pump may contribute to the excretion of Pt-GS complexes from cells (37). 

Leier, I., Jedlitschky, G., Buchholz, U., Center, M., Cole, S.P., Deeley, R.G. and Keppler, D. (1996) ATP-dependent glutathione disulphide transport mediated by the MRP gene-encoded conjugate export pump. Biochemical Journal, 314 (Pt 2), 433-437. 

Martinoia E, Grill E, Tommasini R, Kreuz K, Amrhein N. 1993. An ATP-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump in the vacuolar membrane of plants. Nature 364 247-249. 

Ishikawa, T. The ATP-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump. Trends Biochem. Sci. 17 463 -468, 1992. 

ABC, ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily ASBT, apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter BCRP, breast cancer resistance protein BSEP, bile salt export pump MDRl, multidrug resistance MRR multidrug resistance-related protein NTCP, sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide OAT, organic anion transporter OCT, organic cation transporter SLC, solute-linked carrier transporter family SLCO, solute-linked carrier organic anion transporter family. 

Ishikawa, T., Akimaru, K., Nakanishi, M., Tomokiyo, K., Furuta, K., Suzuki, M., Noy-ori, R. (1998). Anti-cancer-prostaglandin-induced cell-cycle arrest and its modulation by an inhibitor of the ATP-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump (GS-X pump). Biochemistry Journal, 336, 569-576. 

---