Astringent substances

The word alum is derived from the Latin alumen, which was appHed to several astringent substances, most of which contained aluminum sulfate (20). Unfortunately, the term alum is now used for several different materials. Papermakers alum or simply alum refers to commercial aluminum sulfate. Common alum or ordinary alum usually refers to potash alum which can be written in the form K SO Al2(SO 24H20, or it can refer to ammonium alum, ammonium aluminum sulfate. The term is also appHed to a whole series of crystallised double sulfates [M(l)M (lII)(SO 2 12H20] having the same crystal stmcture as the common alums, in which sodium and other univalent metals may replace the potassium or ammonium, and other metals may replace the alurninum. Even the sulfate radical may be replaced, by selenate, for example. Some examples of alums are cesium alum [7784-17-OJ,... 

Herbs that regulate the function of the internal organs, especially Qi movement, should be used to prevent stagnation caused by the sour and astringent substances. 

This formula is based on a large amount of astringent substances. In particular, when Long Gu and Mu Li are calcined by fire, they develop an astringent property and are used for... 

Duan Long Gu and Duan Mu Li serve as assistants. They are astringent substances and can stabilize the blood directly and stop bleeding. Wu Zhi Gu, Wu Bei Zi and Zong Lii Tan are also astringent. As assistants, they enhance the ability of the other herbs in the formula to stop bleeding. 

Since there are a number of astringent substances that may cause stagnation, Qian Cao Gen is used as corrective assistant. It can stop bleeding yet promote blood circulation. At the same time, it can also remove congealed blood. 

The use of Qian Cao Gen shows how to prevent and treat blood stagnation caused by astringent substances. 

Since sour and astringent substances have an inward moving tendency, these substances can stop bleeding. They treat the symptom of bleeding rather than the cause and are often used in different bleeding conditions as a first aid procedure. 

Warington proposes to estimate the tannin, not only in barks, but in all other astringent substances volumetrically, hy determining what volume of a standard solution of gelatin is required to precipitate the tannin from the extract prepared from the Bample submitted to examination. In preparing the test solution, the above chemist recommends the long staple... 

Horne, J., Hayes, J., Lawless, H. T. (2002). Turbidity as a measure of salivary protein reactions with astringent substances. Chem. Sens., 27,653-659. 

Water is the most important component. Wet dressings are generally used to cleanse, cool and relieve pruritus in acutely inflamed lesions, especially where there is much exudation, e.g. atopic eczema. The frequent reapplication and the cooling effect of evaporation of the water reduce the inflammatory response by inducing superficial vasoconstriction. Sodium chloride solution 0.9%, or solutions of astringent substances, e.g. aluminium acetate lotion, or potassium permanganate soaks or compresses of approx. 0.05%, can be used. The use of lotions or... 

Although aluminum was one of the last metals to be commercialized, it has been recognized for centuries. Aluminum was first recognized by the Romans as an astringent substance, and they called it alum . By the Middle Ages it was manufactured as alum stone , a subsulfate of alumina and potash. In 1825, Hans C Oersted was able to isolate a few drops of the raw material, and then by 1886 it had patents from both Charles Martin Hall of the United States and Paul-Louis-Toussaint Heroult of France. Aluminum was commercialized in industry by the end of the nineteenth century. 

Some astringent substances, such as zinc oxide and bismuth salts, also provide a mechanical protective barrier on the surface of damaged skin. 

Tannin An amorohoua. etrongly astringent substance obtained in the form of brownish-white shining scales from gellnuts (of which it constitutes 50% or more), sumac, velonla end other plant products. 

The alums were known as far back as ancient Egypt and China, where they were used as deodorants. Alums are effective for this purpose because they are astringents, substances that cause tissues to shrink or contract, thus reducing the tendency of sweat glands to produce perspiration. As astringents, alums were also used in the field of medicine to treat wounds and prevent bleeding. Until the nineteenth century, however, chemists did not recognize that the substance they knew as alum was actually a variety of different compounds. 

Astringent Substance that causes constriction of tissues. In herbal medicine, usually a plant that contains tannins, stops bleeding, and reduces inflammation. In any event, it dries out your mouth if you taste it. 

Phytochemistry The plant contains alkaloids, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, essential oils, vitamins C and K, resin, carotene, phytoncides, and bitter and astringent substances (Plant Resources of the USSR 1993 Glasl et al. 2001). 

Phytochemistry Leaves, flowers, bark and seeds contain glycosides (amygdalin, prulaurasin, and prunasin). Prussic acid is found in the bark and leaves. Fruits contain malic and citric acids, sugar, astringent substances, ascorbic acid, and flavonoids (Maznev 2004 Deineka et al. 2004). 

Astringent substances BaacymHe BemecxBa Caryophyllene KapHO(J)HJlJlHH... 

Astringent— Substances which contract tissues and check the discharge of blood or mucus are termed astringents. 

The anthocyanins (colored pigments) and tannins (astringent substances) in wines have greater antiviral effects than unfermented grape juice. However, these experiments were conducted in laboratory vessels, rather than in animal or human subjects. 

After-shave products tend to contain astringent substances (e.g. hamamelis extract, ethanol), refreshing (e.g. menthol), moisturizing or soothing (e.g. aloe vera extract), anti-microbiaL etc. Pre-shave products are similar but tend to contain oils (almond, peanut, safflower) to lubricate the skin and sometimes liposoluble vitamins (A, E) that soften the skin. 

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