Assembly, of synthetic polymers

The book focuses on the assembly of synthetic polymers and only relatively simple biopolymers are included. Attempts to control the structure and the growth of supramolecular polymers have been largely empirical. It is hoped that the highlighting in this book of the polymers so far investigated—and of the relevant theoretical mechanisms—will guide the organic chemist in designing chemical units that can be assembled into tailored materials and eventually functional systems. 

The unique power of synthesis is the ability to create new molecules and materials with valuable properties. This capacity can be used to interact with the natural world, as in the treatment of disease or the production of food, but it can also produce compounds and materials beyond the capacity of living systems. Our present world uses vast amounts of synthetic polymers, mainly derived from petroleum by synthesis. The development of nanotechnology, which envisions the application of properties at the molecular level to catalysis, energy transfer, and information management has focused attention on multimolecular arrays and systems capable of self-assembly. We can expect that in the future synthesis will bring into existence new substances with unique properties that will have impacts as profound as those resulting from syntheses of therapeutics and polymeric materials. 

Lutz JF, Thunemann AF, Nehring R. Preparation by controlled radical pol3mierization and self-assembly via base-recognition of synthetic polymers bearing complementary nucleobases. J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 2005 43 4805-4818. 

In order to explore the substituent effect on the assembly of coordination polymers, the influence of other factors should be excluded. Therefore the same synthetic condition as that for 1 was applied to synthesize the zinc 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, [Zn(tmbdc)(dmso)2] 2(DMSO) 2, except that H2bdc was replaced by H2tmbdc. [20]... 

Peptides can be used to direct the nanoscale assembly of amphiphilic synthetic polymers. A common feature is that the self-assembly of the peptides proceeds as it would do in the absence of the polymer conjugates, with the peptide suprastructure forming a core, surrounded by the polymer random coil. The polymer shell acts to limit aggregation of the peptides beyond a certain size limit. A particularly striking example of this is the self-assembly of cyclopeptide-polymer composites, which form hollow... 

This book has been written and computer-drawn to present the wealth of membraneous structures that have been realized by chemists mainly within the last ten years. The models for these artificial molecular assemblies are the biological lipid membranes their ultimate purpose will presumably be the verification of vectorial reaction chains similar to biological processes. Nevertheless, chemical modelling of the non-covalent, ultrathin molecular assemblies developed quite independently of membrane biochemistry. From the very beginning of artifical membrane and domain constructions, it was tried to keep the preparative and analytical procedures as simple and straightforward as possible. This is comparable to the early development of synthetic polymers, where the knowledge about protein structures quickly gave birth to simple and more practical polyamides. 

McMillan RA, Lee TAT, Conticello VP. Rapid assembly of synthetic genes encoding protein polymers. Macromolecules 1999 32 3643-3648. 

Figure 6.8 XRD patterns of PAPSA/V2O5 and V2OS. (Reprinted with permission from Synthetic Metals, Assembly of conducting polymer/metal oxide multlayer in one step by C.-O. Wu, Y.-C. LiuandS.-S. Hsu, 102, 1-3. Copyright (1999) Elsevier Ltd)...

Because polymer NMR papers tend to be published in a number of different journals, we thought it would be beneficial to assemble the symposium papers into one book. This symposium volume is the result. Hopefully this book will be a useful reference work for students and practitioners of polymer NMR, as well as a practical handbook for many state-of-the-art NMR techniques. A total of 31 chapters are included herein, including an overview chapter (Chapter 1). For convenience, this book is organized into five sections solid-state NMR of polymers, solution NMR of synthetic polymers, solution NMR of natural polymers, combined NMR-separation techniques, and dynamics of polymers in solution. 

The phase-separating and assembly behavior of functional copolymer architectures with longer functional polymer segments of one kind is the base of today s high importance of self-assembly of synthetic multifunctional macromolecules and biohybrids in bionanotechnology. Functionality can be confined in specific compartments of nanometer size, and further self-assembly in specific solvents can lead to micrometer-sized objects (see further examples in Section 6.1.1.2). 

Coiled-coil motifs with varying degrees of affinity have been used to promote self-assembly of protein polymers in order to study the range of hydrogel dynamics accessible via coiled-coil assembly as well as to probe fundamental aspects of collective biomotor transport. "" Protein engineering provides a level of control over intermolecular interactions, such as those found in coiled-coil domains, which is difficult to achieve in synthetic polymers. 

---