Aspartate colocalization

Neuropeptide Y [NPY] is a 36-amino acid peptide. The function of NPY, one of the most abundant peptide transmitters of the mammalian brain, remains unclear because of a lack of specific receptor antagonists. NPY meets many of the criteria of a neurotransmitter itself. NPY is costored and interacts with several monoaminergic neurons within the CNS [Lundberg et al. 1982], for example, noradrenergic afferents from the nucleus solitary tract to the amygdala. Both somatostatin and NPY colocalize at GABA interneurons within the amygdala, neocortex, and striatum. NPY also selectively modulates N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced hippocampal activation (pyramidal neurons] via oreceptors [Debonnel et al. 1994]. 

Rodriguez JJ, Doherty MD, Pickel VM. A-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the ventral tegmental area subcellular distribution and colocalization with 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptors. J Neurosci Res 2000 60 202-211. 

McDonald AJ (1996) Glutamate and aspartate immunoreactive neurons of the rat basolateral amygdala colocalization of excitatory amino acids and projections to the limbic circuit. J Comp Neurol 365 367-379. 

Fig. 9. Aspartate aminotransferase immunoreactivity in glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-immunoreactive neuronal processes in the cerebral cortex. sAAT but not mAAT is colocalized with GAD in fine, probably axonal processes (arrows). Rat sections were double-immunostained by incubation with a mixture of anti-sAAT or mAAT rabbit serum and anti-GAD sheep serum, then with biotinylated anti-rabbit IgG donkey antibody, and finally with Texas Red-conjugated avidin and fluorescein-labeled anti-sheep IgG donkey antibody. The photographs in each row were taken at the same site under different excitations. Asterisks in (a) and (o ) indicate the unlabeled cell body of a pyramidal neuron.

Merighi A, Polak JM, Theodosis DT (1991) Ultrastmctural visualization of glutamate and aspartate immunoreactivities in the rat dorsal horn with special reference to the colocalization of glutamate, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Neuroscience 40 67-80... 

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