Arsine renal failure caused

Arsine is extremely toxic and a potent hemolytic agent, ultimately causing death via renal failure. Numerous human case reports are available, but these reports lack definitive quantitative exposure data. The reports, however, affirm the extreme toxicity and latency period for the toxic effects of arsine in humans. 

Some agents such as arsine may trigger a severe hemolytic reaction, causing hemoglobinuria and subsequent acute renal failure. Others may lead to the destruction of striated muscle, and myoglobinuria... 

Bone marrow depression, anemia, leukopenia, and basophilic stippling are associated with chronic arsenic exposure. Arsine (AsHj) poisoning can produce widespread hemolysis. Cirrhosis, ascites, and destruction of renal tissues have been reported. Arsine exposure may also cause renal failure (Forth et al. 1996). 

Arsine gas Arsine gas (AsH ) is formed during the refinement and processing of certain metals and is used in the semiconductor industry it is an occupational hazard. Arsine causes a unique form of toxicity characterized by massive hemolysis. Pigment overload from red cell breakdown may cause renal failure. Treatment is supportive. 

Stibine is a highly toxic gas the acute and chronic effects are similar to those of arsine. Exposure to 100 ppm in air for 1 hour was lethal to mice and guinea pigs, causing delayed death within 1-2 days. The lethal concentration in air for humans is unknown. Like arsine, stibine is a hemolytic agent, causing injury to the kidney and liver. The toxicity is somewhat lower than that of arsine. In severe poisoning, death can result from renal failure and pulmonary edema. 

Arsine (CAS 7784-42-1) Extremely toxic hemolytic agent. Symptoms include abdominal pain, jaundice, hemoglobinuria, and renal failure. Low-level chronic exposures reported to cause anemia. See also p119. 0.05 ppm NIOSH CA 3 ppm ERPG-2 0.5 ppm ERPG-3 1.5 ppm 4 4 2 Colorless gas with an unpleasant gadic-like odor. Flammable. Breakdown products Include arsenic trioxIde and arsenic fumes. Used In the semiconductor industry. 

Besides common symptoms like headache, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sometimes crampy hematuria caused by renal failure in severe cases, dark red urine is flie most significant sign of arsine intoxication [4,11,12,37,52,94-96,99,118]. 

Clinical manifestation of arsine intoxication appears within 24 h of exposure (usually within a few hours). Renal failure due to tubular destruction is an important consequence of arsine exposure. The urine is frequently discolored (brown, red, or black), and hemoglobin in the urine is thought to be the major cause. Urinalysis... 

Complications include hemolytic anemia, renal failure, hyperkalemia, and death. Overwhelming exposures cause rapid death from massive hemolysis. Most deaths occur from renal failure in patients who survive acute exposure. Patients surviving acute arsine exposiue may develop chronic arsenic toxicity, including anemia and peripheral neuropathy. 

Arsine is the simplest compound of arsenic. It is used in the semiconductor industry and has a use in the synthesis of organoarsenic compounds. It may be ingested or inhaled accidentally or deliberately. Arsine binds to the haemoglobin of red blood cells, causing them to be destroyed by the body, resulting in haemolytic anaemia, haemoglobinuria and subsequent nephropathy with renal failure. 

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