Arsenic phytoremediation

Sizova, O.I., Kochetkov, V.V., Validov, S.Z., Boronin, A.M., Kosterin, P.V., and Lyubun, Y.V. 2002. Arsenic-contaminated soils genetically modified Pseudomonas spp. and their arsenic-phytoremediation potential. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2(1) 19-23. 

Rahman, M.A. Hasegawa, H. (2011) Aquatic arsenic phytoremediation using floating macrophytes. 

Tu, S., Ma, L.Q., Fayiga, A.O., and Zillioux, E.J., Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated ground-water by the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern Pteris vittatah., International Journal of Phytoremediation, 6 (1), 35-47, 2004. 

Natarajan, S., Stamps, R.H., Saha, U.K., and Ma, L.Q., Phytofiltration of arsenic-contaminated ground-water using Pteris Vittata L. Effect of plant density and nitrogen and phosphorus levels, International Journal of Phytoremediation, 10 (3), 222-235, 2008. 

The list we have presented is far from complete, and is developing as our knowledge of the plant kingdom increases. A recent exciting discovery has been Ma et al. s (2001) description of the fern Pteris vittata, which hyper-accumulates arsenic, and thus may be developed as a phytoremediation technology for this particularly dangerous pollutant. 

Ma, L. Q., Tu, C., Kennelley, E. D., and Komar, K. M., 2000, Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated soils and wastes, Annual meetings abstracts, American Society of Agronomy, Minneapolis, Minn. November, pp. 5-9. 

Phytoremediation with living plants may be improved through genetic engineering and a thorough understanding of arsenic metabolism and detoxification in plants (Montes-Baydn et al., 2004). As an initial step, Montes-Bay on et al. (2004) studied arsenic metabolism in Brassica juncea (Indian mustard). They found that some of the arsenic was associated with thiol groups in the plant. 

Like water, arsenic in contaminated soils, sediments, and even solid wastes may be treated with plants, fungi, bacteria, or other biological organisms. The applications, limitations, and advantages of biological treatment methods with solid materials are often similar to those with water. To be exact, many bioremediation methods are designed to simultaneously treat contaminants in soils, sediments, and water (e.g. phytoremediation). 

Phytoremediation The use of living plants, plant parts, or plant extracts to treat contaminated sites. Certain plants have the ability to bioaccumulate arsenic and detoxify their surroundings. 

Alkorta, L, Hernandez-Allica, J., Becerril, J.M., Amezaga, L, Albizu, L, and Garbisu, C. 2004. Recent findings on the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with environmentally toxic heavy metals and metalloids such as zinc, cadmium, lead, and arsenic. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 3 71-90. 

Antosiewicz, D.M., EscndS-Duran, C., Wierzbowska, E., andSklodowska, A. 2008. Indigenous plant species with the potential for the phytoremediation of arsenic and metals contaminated soil. Water, Air Soil Pollution, 193(1 ) 197-210. 

Aziznr Rahman, M., Hasegawa, H., Ueda, K., Maki, T., Okumnra, C., and Rahman, M.M. 2007. Arsenic accnmnlation in duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza L.) A good option for phytoremediation. Chemosphere, 69(3) 493-9. 

Bagga, D.K. and Peterson, S. 2001. Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated soil as affected by the chelating agent CDTA and different levels of soil pH. Remediation Journal, 12(l) 77-85. 

Fereshteh, G. and Yassaman, B. 2007. Phytoremediation of arsenic by macroalga Implication in natural contaminated water. Northeast Iran. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(12) 1614-19. 

Francesconi, K., Visoottiviseth, R, Sridokchan, W., and Goessler, W. 2002. Arsenic species in an arsenic hyperaccumulating fern, Pityrogramma calomelanos A potential phytoremediator of arsenic-contaminated soils. The Science of the Total Environment, 284(l-3) 27-35. 

Kertulis-Tartar, G.M., Ma, L.Q., Tu, C., and Chirenje, T. 2006. Phytoremediation of an arsenic-contaminated site using Pteris vittata L. A two-year study. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 8 311-22. 

Meagher, R.B. and Heaton, A.C.P. 2005. Strategies for the engineered phytoremediation of toxic element pollution Mercury and arsenic. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 32(11-12) 502-13. 

Nie, L., Shah, S., Rashid, A., Burd, G.I., Dixon, D.G., andGlick, B.R. 2002. Phytoremediation of arsenate contaminated soil by transgenic canola and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Enterobacter cloacae CAL2. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 40(4) 355-61. 

Salido, A.L., Hasty, K.L., Lim, J.-M., Butcher, D.J. 2003. Phytoremediation of arsenic and lead in contaminated soil using Chinese brake ferns (Pteris vittata) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). International Journal of Phytoremediation, 5(2) 89-103. 

Sekhar, K.C., Kamala, C.T., Chary, N.S., and Mukherjee, A.B. 2007. Arsenic accumulation by Talinum cuneifolium—Application for phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils of Patancheru, Hyderabad, India. Trace Metals and Other Contaminants in the Environment, 9 315-37. 

Visoottiviseth, P., Francesconi, K., and Sridokchan, W. 2002. The potential of Thai indigenous plant species for the phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated land. Environmental Pollution, 118 453-61. 

Wongkongkatep, J., Parkpian, P., Polprasert, C., Supaibulwatana, K., lida, T., and Fukushi, K. 2004. Phytoremediation of arsenic by Pityrogramma calomelanos Do synthetic chelating agents increase or decrease arsenic phytoextraction efficiency Annual Report of Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, 22 61-72. 

For example, this system is used for phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated cooling wastewater from the Mae Moh power plant burning Thai lignite with high content of As and other heavy metals (see Chapter 12). Other examples are shown in Box 1. 

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