Arsenic antimony alloy

Tia is also used as an ahoyiag element ia lead—antimony alloys to improve fluidity and to prevent drossiag, ia lead—calcium alloys to improve mechanical properties and enhance electrochemical performance, ia lead—arsenic alloys to maintain a stable composition, and as an additive to low melting alloys. 

Nitric acid reacts with all metals except gold, iridium, platinum, rhodium, tantalum, titanium, and certain alloys. It reacts violentiy with sodium and potassium to produce nitrogen. Most metals are converted iato nitrates arsenic, antimony, and tin form oxides. Chrome, iron, and aluminum readily dissolve ia dilute nitric acid but with concentrated acid form a metal oxide layer that passivates the metal, ie, prevents further reaction. 

The washed slime is dried and melted to produce slag and metal. The slag is usually purified by selective reduction and smelted to produce antimonial lead. The metal is treated ia the molten state by selective oxidation for the removal of arsenic, antimony, and some of the lead. It is then transferred to a cupel furnace, where the oxidation is continued until only the silver—gold alloy (dorn) remains. The bismuth-rich cupel slags are cmshed, mixed with a small amount of sulfur, and reduced with carbon to a copper matte and impure bismuth metal the latter is transferred to the bismuth refining plant. 

Dezincification Dezincification is corrosion of a brass alloy containing zinc in which the principal product of corrosion is metallic copper. This may occur as plugs rilling pits (plug type) or as continuous layers surrounding an unattacked core of brass (general type). The mechanism may involve overall corrosion of the alloy followed by redeposition of the copper from the corrosion products or selective corrosion of zinc or a high-zinc phase to leave copper residue. This form of corrosion is commonly encountered in brasses that contain more than 15 percent zinc and can be either eliminated or reduced by the addition ox small amounts of arsenic, antimony, or ph osphorus to the alloy. 

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4th edn., Vol. 3, Wiley, New York, 1992 Arsenic and arsenic alloys (pp. 624-33) Arsenic compounds (633-59) Antimony and antimony alloys (367 - 81) Antimony compounds (382-412) Bismuth and bismuth alloys (Vol. 4, 1992 (pp. 237-45) Bismuth compounds (246-70). 

Thompson and Tracy carried out tests in a moist ammoniacal atmosphere on stressed binary copper alloys containing zinc, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, silicon, nickel or aluminium. All these elements gave alloys susceptible to stress corrosion. In the case of zinc the breaking time decreased steadily with increase of zinc content, but with most of the other elements there was a minimum in the curve of content of alloying elements against breaking time. In tests carried out at almost 70MN/m these minima occurred with about 0-2% P, 0-2% As, 1% Si, 5% Ni and 1% Al. In most cases cracks were intercrystalline. 

It is reported that an aluminium cleaner containing low concentrations of hydrofluoric acid can generate stibine from antimony containing bearing-metal alloys, to the permanent detriment of the health of nearby workers. Presumably arsine could appear from arsenic containing alloys both are gases and extremely toxic. 

Although lead is not one of the most common metals on Earth, it is one of the best known. The metallic forms of lead, mercury, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and zinc were not known as separate elements in ancient times until methods were developed to analyze these ores and their metals. The widespread knowledge of lead is attributed to the ancient Romans, who developed many practical uses for this heavy metal. Lead-lined pipes were used by the ancient Romans to bring water from their famous aqueducts to their homes. In addition, most of the population of Rome cooked their food in pots and pans made of lead and lead alloys. Because... 

Not much is known of the element s use until the knowledge of metallurgy developed in the late eighteenth century, when arsenic, antimony, and bismuth were used to form alloys with other metals. 

Potassium, sodium, magnesium, and mercury can be distilled over niobium without formation of alloys arsenic, antimony, and tellurium do not form alloys below 500° to 600° C. 

Sodium, potassium, mercury and silver do not alloy with tantalum even at high temperatures 5 attempts to prepare alloys with arsenic, antimony, lead, zinc and tellurium have also failed, but the formation of an alloy with silver, copper and tin for making a dental amalgam with mercury has recently been claimed.6... 

Solder -antimony m [ANTIMONY AND ANTIMONY ALLOYS] (Vol 3) -arsenic m [ARSENIC AND ARSENIC ALLOYS] (Vol 3) -lead m [LEAD COMPOUNDS - INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY] (Vol 15) -masks as electronics coatings [ELECTRONICS, COATINGS] (Vol 9) -as metallic coatings [METALLIC COATINGS - SURVEY] (Vol 16) -thin films of [IHIN FILMS - FILM FORMATION TECHNIQUES] (Vol 23) -tin alloys as [TIN AND TIN ALLOYS] (Vol 24) -use of selenium m [SELENIUMAND SELENIUM COMPOUNDS] (Vol 21)... 

Compounds and alloys with phosphor, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth KrP, 98 FeP, 282 FeaP, 146 Fe3P, 147 HoP, 146... 

CDA(10) alloys 443, 444, and 445 (admiralty brass) are 30% zinc alloys inhibited with arsenic, antimony, and phosphorus respectively. Recent work indicates that a viable mechanism does not appear to exist for the role of arsenic as a dealloying suppressant however, the CDA 443 alloy remains the most popular of the three. 

L. Pauling and P. Pauling, On the valence and atomic size of silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth in alloys. Acta Cryst. 9, 127-130 (1956). 

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