Arachidonoylglycerol transport

Abstract Tissue concentrations of the endo cannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are regulated by both synthesis and inactivation. The purpose of this review is to compile available data regarding three inactivation processes fatty acid amide hydrolase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and cellular membrane transport. In particular, we have focused on mechanisms by which these processes are modulated. We describe the in vitro and in vivo effects of inhibitors of these processes as well as available evidence regarding their modulation by other factors. 

Keywords Fatty acid amide hydrolase Monoacylglycerol lipase Transporter Carrier Anandamide 2-Arachidonoylglycerol N-Arachidonoylethanolamine... 

Abbreviations AEA anandamide 2-AG 2-arachidonoylglycerol AMT anandamide membrane transporter AS amidase signature AD Alzheimer s disease CBIR type 1 cannabinoid receptor CB2R type 2 cannabinoid receptor DAG l-acyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol DAGLs diacylglycerol lipases EAE autoimmune encephalomyelitis ECS endocannabinoid system ETTH episodic tension-type headache FAAH fatty acid amide hydrolase FAAs fatty acid amides HAEAs hydroxyanandamides HD Huntington s... 

Van der Stelt, M., Van Kuik, J.A., Bari, M., Van Zadelhoff, G., Eeeflang, B.R., Veldink, G.A., Einazzi-Agro, A., Vliegenthart, J.F.G., and Maccarrone, M. (2002). Oxygenated metabolites of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol conformational analysis and interaction with cannabinoid receptors, membrane transporter, and fatty acid amide hydrolase. J. Med. Chem., 45, 3709-3720. 

Endocannablnold Endocannabinoids are endogenous ligands of cannabinoid receptors (CBl and CB2). An en-docannabinoid is a derivative of arachidonic acid linked to either ethanolamine (anandamide) or glycerol (2-arachidonoylglycerol, 2-AG). These neurotransmitters are most often produced by the postsynaptic neuron, and transported through the synaptic cleft in the retrograde direction to reach CBl receptors in the plasma membrane of the presynaptic neuron. 

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