2-Arachidonoylglycerol

Endocannabinoids. Figure 1 Chemical structures of the two most studied endocannabinoids, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, of Cannabis sativa psychoactive principle, A9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and of the CB-i receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, rimonabant. 

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Goparaju SK, Ueda N, Yamaguchi H, Yamamoto S. (1998). Anandamide amidohydrolase reacting with 2-arachidonoylglycerol, another cannabinoid receptor ligand. FEBS Letters. 422(1) 69-73. 

SugiuraT, Kondo S, Sukagawa A, Nakane S, Shinoda A, Itoh K, Yamashita A, Waku K, 2-Arachidonoylglycerol A possible endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in brain, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 215 89—97, 1995. 

Oka S, Tsuchie A, Tokumura A., Muramatsu M, Suhara Y, Takayama H, Waku K, Sugiura T, Ether-linked analogue of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (noladin ether) was not detected in the brains of various mammalian species, JNeurochem 85 ... 

Mechoulam R and Ben-Shabat S (1999) From gan-zi-gun-nu to anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol the ongoing story of cannabis. Nat Prod Rep 16, 131-143. 

Saario SM, Savinainen JR, Laitinen JT, Jarvinen T, Niemi R (2004) Monoglyceride lipase-like enzymatic activity is responsible for hydrolysis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol in rat cerebellar membranes. Biochem Pharmacol 67(7) 1381-7... 

Straiker A, Mackie K (2005) Depolarization-induced suppression of excitation in murine autaptic hippocampal neurones. J Physiol 569(Pt 2) 501—17 Sullivan JM (2000) Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory impairments produced by cannabinoids. Learn Mem 7(3) 132-9 Sugiura T, Kondo S, Sukagawa A, Nakane S, Shinoda A, Itoh K, Yamashita A, Waku K (1995) 2-Arachidonoylglycerol a possible endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 215(1) 89—97... 

Szabo B, Urbanski MJ, Bisogno T, Di Marzo V, Mendiguren A, Bar W, Freiman I (2006) Depolarization-induced retrograde synaptic inhibition in the cerebellar cortex is mediated by 2-arachidonoylglycerol. J Physiol in press. 

Bisogno, T., Melck, D., De Petrocellis, L., and Di Marzo, V. (1999). Phosphatidic acid as the biosynthetic precursor of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol in intact mouse neuroblastoma cells stimulated with ionomycin. J. Neurochem. 72, 2113-2119. 

Blankman, J. L., Simon, G. M., and Cravatt, B. F. (2007). A comprehensive profile of brain enzymes that hydrolyze the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Chem. Biol. 14, 1347-1356. 

Dinh, T. R, Kathuria, S., and Piomelli, D. (2004). RNA interference suggests a primary role for monoacylglycerol lipase in the degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Mol. 

Lehtonen, M., Reisner, K., Auriola, S., Wong, G., and Callaway, J. (2008). Mass-spectrometric identification of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in nematodes. Chem. Biodwers. 5, 2431. 

Oka, S., Yanagimoto, S., Ikeda, S., Gokoh, M., Kishimoto, S., Waku, K., Ishima, Y., and Sugiura, T. (2005). Evidence for the involvement of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor and its endogenous ligand 2-arachidonoylglycerol in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced acute inflammation in mouse ear. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 18488—18497. 

Best studied, among these ligands, are the lipid derivatives anandamide (AEA) (Devane etal., 1992) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) (Mechoulam et al., 1995 Sugiura et al., 1995), which differ from classical and peptide neurotransmitters in... 

YamaguchiT, Hagiwara Y, Tanaka H, Sugiura T, Waku K, Shoyama Y, Watanabe S, Yamamoto T. Endogenous can-nabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice. Brain Res 2001 909(l-2) 121-6. 

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