Apiole

APIOLE 23% of celery leaf oil, up to 30% in parsley leaf and seed oils, and in small amounts in cubeb, dill and fennel oils. 

DILL APIOLE Up to 60% in Indian dill seed oil and in varying amounts in other parts and other species of dill. In various small amounts in fennel and carrot seed oils. 

It the oil contain more than a certain quantity of the latter body it ie semi-solid at ordinary temperatures, whilst in auy ease crystals are deposited oci exposure to oold. German oil is rich iu apiul, but French oil contains very little, Apiol is prepared trum the oil either as a thick liquid, or in the purer e.rvstalline condition, aud is used to some e-tleol in medicine. 

The principal conatitueDls ol the oil tv. rc loimd 10 be -phellandreoe, dill-apiol, and a lerpepe, which the auihora named crithmene, and which has the following characters -... 

Apiol, the principal constituent of oil of parsley, is an allyl-dimethoxy-... 

Apiol can be identified by its melting-point and its easy conversion into isoapiol, melting at 55° to 56°. 

Dillap ol, C,2Hj404, differs from apiol only by the orientation of its side chains. It is found in East Indian, Japanese, and Spanish dill oils,... 

On oxidation, in the manner described under apiol, there are obtained from both dillapiol and iso-dillapiol, dillapiolic aldehyde, melting at 75°, and dillapiolic acid, melting at 151° to 152°. 

Apiol, n. apiole. aplanatischf a. aplanatic. aplitisch, a. aplitic. 

Essential oils are known to have detrimental effects on plants. The inhibitory components have not been identified, but both alde-hydic (benzol-, citrol-, cinnamal-aldehyde) and phenolic (thymol, carvacol, apiol, safrol) constituents are suspected. Muller et al. (104) demonstrated that volatile toxic materials localized in the leaves of Salvia leucophylla, Salvia apiana, and Arthemisia californica inhibited the root growth of cucumber and oat seedlings. They speculated that in the field, toxic substances from the leaves of these plants might be deposited in dew droplets on adjacent annual plants. In a subsequent paper, Muller and Muller (105) reported that the leaves of S. leucophylla contained several volatile terpenes, and growth inhibition was attributed to camphor and cineole. 

Tenerife and La Palma, revealed the existence of luteolin and an array of simple phenolic derivatives as well as three known phytosterols, B-amyrin, sitosterol, and stigmasterol. The phenols identified comprised a set of phenylpropanoids myristicin [566] (see Fig. 6.16 for structures 566-573), methyleugenol [567], todadiol [568], todatriol [569], crocatone [570], elemicin [571], apiole [572], and the coumarin scopoletin [573]. The occurrence of these compounds is recorded in Table 6.5. The differences between the two profiles were taken by Gonzalez and his co-workers... 

Asteraceae, Milliaceae and Apiaceae, are among some plant families that are known to have insecticidal constituents. Vulgar-one B (isolated from Artemisia douglasiana Asteraceae), apiol (isolated from Ligusticum hultenii Apiaceae), and cnicin (isolated from Centaurea maculosa Asteraceae) cause significant mortality to Formosan subterranean... 

Meepagala KM, Sturtz G, Wedge DE, Schrader KK, Duke SO, Phytotoxic and antifungal compounds from two Apiaceae species, Lomatium californicum and Ligusticum hultenii, rich sources of Z-ligustilide and apiol, respectively, / Chem... 

India dUl Anethum sowa Roxb. DiU-apiole, limonene, carvone... 

Parsley seed Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym. ex A.W. Hill Myristicine (methoxy safrole) (25-50), apiole (dimethoxy safrole) (5-35), 2,3,4,5-tetrame-thoxy aUylbenzene (1-12)... 

N.A. Apiole, myristicin, pinene, apiin, havonoids, phthalides, coumarins.99-100 107 Diuretic, stomachic, carminative, irritant, and emmenagogue properties. 

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