Antimony quantitative detection

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is one of the most sensitive analytical techniques for many elements. A major breakthrough came in 1964 when NAA was applied to the quantitative detection of antimony and barium in FDR.130 (Antimony is the most valuable elemental indicator for FDR, because lead and barium are more common in occupational and environmental surveys.)... 

Simultaneous and continuous measurements of extracellular pH, potassium K+, and lactate in an ischemic heart were carried out to study lactic acid production, intracellular acidification, and cellular K+ loss and their quantitative relationships [6, 7], The pH sensor was fabricated on a flexible kapton substrate and the pH sensitive iridium oxide layer was electrodeposited on a planar platinum electrode. Antimony-based pH electrodes have also been used for the measurement of myocardial pH in addition to their application in esophageal acid reflux detection. 

Antimony, Analytical Procedures. Various qualitative and quantitative procedures for detn of Sb including its detection in air are given in Refs 1,2 3. Specification requirements for refined antimony are given in Ref 4 and the US Military Specification requirements for technical antimony are given... 

I describe here the results of our preliminary study (22) of the application of photoluminescence techniques to gunshot residue detection. The key objective in this study was to develop a rapid, reliable, and convenient method of detection for use in the crime laboratory on the basis of the detection of lead, antimony, and barium. We did not attempt to repeat the extensive work already carried out with neutron activation analysis concerning the importance of the detection of these elements and the interpretation of findings. The literature concerning photoluminescence was surveyed for methods of analysis for antimony, barium, and lead that would be (a) reliable, sensitive, and quantitative ... 

FAAS is the most popular technique for the quantitative determination of elements associated with FDR lead, antimony, barium, copper, and mercury. Other relevant elements have also been determined, and the use of FAAS for FDR detection is well documented in the literature.135 138... 

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