Antimony oxide fluorides

Antimony(Ill) fluoride may be prepared by treating antimony trioxide or trichloride with hydrofluoric acid. Pure SbF is then obtained by carefully evaporating all of the water from the cmde product, which is subsequently sublimed. SbF does not hydrolyze as readily as do the other antimony ttihahdes. When heated in open air at 100°C, a crystalline soHd quickly forms of composition Sb302(0H)2F3, which, upon further heating, is transformed into antimony oxide fluoride [11083-22-0] SbOF. This compound may also be prepared by heating 1 1 mixtures of Sb203 and SbF. There are three known crystalline modifications. 

Antimony Ill) fluoride is a readily hydrolysable solid which finds use as a fluorinaling agent. Antimony(lll) chloride is a soft solid, m.p. 347 K. It dissolves in water, but on dilution partial hydrolysis occurs and antimony chloride oxide SbOCl is precipitated ... 

The self-ignition temperature of PVF film is 390°C. The limiting oxygen iadex (LOI) for PVF is 22.6% (98), which can be raised to 30% ia antimony oxide-modified film (99). Hydrogen fluoride and a mixture of aromatic and aUphatic hydrocarbons (100) are generated from the thermal degradation of PVF. Toxicity studies, ie, survival and time to iacapacitation, of polymers, ceUulosics (101,102), and airplane iaterior materials (103) expose... 

Other more anecdotic ways of activating [ F]fluoride are its coordination with protonated 1,8-b/s-(dimethylamino)naphthalene, its coordination with antimony oxide or its purification via an intermediate [ F]fluorotrimethylsilane formation. 

Arsenic(III) fluoride, like antimony(III) fluoride (see Section 12.1.), is used to substitute fluorine for chlorine, bromine and iodine not only at carbon but also at other atoms, such as phosphorus, boron or metals. Chlorophosphanes undergo oxidative fluorination with arsenic(III) fluoride [or antimony(III) fluoride] to trifluoro-A5-phosphanes 1. 

The interaction of antimony(III) fluoride with dichloro(phenyl)phosphane leads to oxidative fluorination of the phosphorus atom with the formation of tetrafluoro(phenyl)-/5-phosphane and partial reduction of antimony(III) fluoride to antimony.43... 

The fluorination of polyfluorocyclohexenes with antimony(V) fluoride proceeds under much more severe temperature conditions ( 150 C) than with vanadium(V) fluoride (see Section 12.4.2). In these reactions antimony(V) fluoride effects both the oxidative addition of fluorine and the substitution of vinyl chlorine atoms by fluorine.48... 

A series of functionalized alkenes has been subjected to selective epoxidation reactions. Oxidation of perfluorinated vinyl polyethers by bubbling oxygen through the liquid that contains a catalytic amount of a Lewis acid, e.g. antimony(V) fluoride, results in the formation of acid fluorides together with a smaller amount of C = C bond cleavage.76 Perfluorinated pentaaIkyI-2.3-dihydrofuran 38, an example of an unsaturated cyclic ether that is quite stable owing to perfluoroalkylation. is epoxidized by hypochlorite to the product 39 at 45 C.62... 

In a typical fluorination, the solid feed assembly F is filled with resublimed antimony(III) fluoride. The apparatus is evacuated by a vacuum pump connected through the trap T, which is immersed in liquid nitrogen. After the system is evacuated, dry air is admitted through drying tube DT containing barium oxide. This procedure of evacuating and rinsing with dry air is repeated ten times, and then the system is finally retained in vacuo. The liquid... 

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is considerably less thermally stable than PTFE but much more stable than polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE). Certain inorganic compounds (silica, titanium dioxide, and antimony oxide) can catalyze its decomposition at temperatures above 375°C (707°F) [10], ETFE degradation is autocatalytic and similar to that of PVDF and is accompanied by the evolution of hydrogen fluoride (HF). Iron and transition metal salts can accelerate the degradation of ETFE by dehydrofluorination and oligomer formation [10], Copper salts have been found to stabilize the polymer [11], ETFE decomposes rapidly at temperatures above 380°C (716°F) [11],... 

In addition to the antimony fluorides, silver, mercury, thallium, aluminium, zinc, zirconium, chromium and other fluorides [7] such as mercury(II) fluoride, vanadium pentafluoride [24] and various transition metal oxide fluorides [25] have been used in exchange processes, although much less widely. 

Sulfur can be quantitatively oxidized by arsenic or antimony penta-fluoride to red compounds of composition Sig(AsFg)2 and Sig(SbFg)2 or to the deep blue compounds, Se(AsFg)2 and Sg(Sb2Fii)2 according to Eq. (26)-(29). In addition the pale yellow compound S4(SbFg)2 has been... 

Chloromethyl)tetrafluorophosphorane has been obtained thus far only by the above reaction. It may be noted that, although a redox reaction takes place between (chloro-methyl)dichlorophosphine and antimony (III) fluoride, (chloromethyl)difluorophosphine is the only product formed. The reaction of dichlorophosphines with anti-mony(V) fluoride was the first method of preparation of tetrafluorophosphoranes to be reported. The strongly oxidizing antimony(V) fluoride, however, seems to be required only in special instances, such as the one described below. 

Tri-n-butyldifluorophosphorane was first obtained upon interaction between tri-re-butylphosphine and hexafluoro-thioacetone dimer.The method described here involves the reaction of tri-n-butylphosphine sulfide with antimony-(III) fluoride. The method is more generally apphcable in the synthesis of difluorophosphoranes from tertiary phosphine sulfides. The only previously reported difluoro-phosphorane, triphenyldifluorophosphorane, was obtained by the reaction of triphenylphosphine or triphenylphos-phine oxide with sulfur(IV) fluoride under autogenous pressure. ... 

Of late, double fluoride of antimony and potassium, or of antimony and sodium, have been used as substitutes for tartar emetic also double oxalate of antimony and potassium, SbK8(C2O4)3.6H20, double fluoride, SbFj.NaF, and the salt SbF3(NH.,)2S04 are used. The essential thing for an antimony salt for use as a mordant is that it shall be soluble in water, not be liable to precipitate antimony oxide, and yet be readily decomposable. 

---