Antimony dioxide chloride

All of the chemistry described in this Section consists of either simple halide exchange reactions (for the formation of other carbonyl halides) or deoxohalogenation reactions (for the formation of perhalomethanes), with the exceptions of the weak adduct formation observed for antimony(V) chloride and dioxide chloride. 

CHLORINATION Antimony(V) chloride. Nitrogen dioxide. Sulfuiyl chloride. CLAISEN CONDENSATION Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide. 

The formation of compounds containing complex anions is expected to occur easily in an acceptor solvent such as sulphur dioxide. The formation of K3SbCl6 and KSbCle has been reported . Reactions between nitrosyl chloride, acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride and antimony(V) chloride lead in liquid sulphur dioxide to the respective chloro-complexes, namely N0[SbCl6], [CH3CO]SbCl6 and [C6H5CO][SbCl6] , but the latter has recently been shown to be Cl... 

Silver reduces the oxygen evolution potential at the anode, which reduces the rate of corrosion and decreases lead contamination of the cathode. Lead—antimony—silver alloy anodes are used for the production of thin copper foil for use in electronics. Lead—silver (2 wt %), lead—silver (1 wt %)—tin (1 wt %), and lead—antimony (6 wt %)—silver (1—2 wt %) alloys ate used as anodes in cathodic protection of steel pipes and stmctures in fresh, brackish, or seawater. The lead dioxide layer is not only conductive, but also resists decomposition in chloride environments. Silver-free alloys rapidly become passivated and scale badly in seawater. Silver is also added to the positive grids of lead—acid batteries in small amounts (0.005—0.05 wt %) to reduce the rate of corrosion. 

Few 1-benzothiophene-S-oxides 218 were obtained in moderate yields by treatment of 1-arylacetylenes 219 with sulfur dioxide and benzene in the presence of antimony pentafluoride (equation 127). A series of cyclic sulphoxides have been prepared by hydrolysis of the corresponding alkoxy sulphonium salts 220 " (equation 128). Syn-sulphoxide 221 was obtained in a low yield (15-20%) in the reaction of the dianion of cyclooctatetraene 222 with thionyl chloride (equation 129). 

The possibility of obtaining stable alkylcarbonium hexafluoro-antimonate salts by interaction of alkyl fluorides with antimony pentafluoride (neat or in sulphur dioxide and later in sulphuryl fluoride or sulphuryl chloride fluoride solution) was then evaluated in detail, extending the investigations to all isomeric C3-, C4-, C5- alkyl fluorides. 

Oils Edible Safflower Potassium Binoxalate Ammonium Chloride Salicylic Acid Ammonium Chloride Lead Acetate Potassium Binoxalate Sodium Silicofluoride Ammonium Carbonate Fluocilicic Acid P-Dichlorobenzene Ammonium Phosphate Sec-Butyl Acetate Sec-Butyl Alcohol Calcium Phosphate Selenium Trioxide Selenium Dioxide Selenium Dioxide Selenium Dioxide Selenium Trioxide Antimony Trioxide Calcium Hypochlorite Carbaryl Cyclohexanone Charcoal... 

Selenium and tellurium are converted into their respective tetrachlorides by thionyl chloride, whilst gold, mercury, bismuth, arsenic, antimony, tin and iron give a mixture of the metallic chloride with sulphur dioxide and sulphur monochloride,2 for example ... 

Phosphorus (red more readily than yellow), arsenic, antimony, mercury, iron, gold and platinum are converted into chlorides, with liberation of sulphur dioxide, e.g. 

Like sulphuryl chloride, pyrosulphuryl chloride can convert many elements, e.g. sulphur, phosphorus, antimony and mercury, into the corresponding chlorides, with simultaneous formation of sulphur dioxide and trioxide.2 In the reaction between pyrosulphuryl chloride and phosphorus pentachloride or trichloride, there are obtained phosphorus oxychloride, sulphur dioxide and chlorine. 

Chlorosulphonic acid possesses a strong chlorinating power and converts sulphur, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and tin into the corresponding chlorides, sulphur dioxide together with sulphuric and hydrochloric acids being simultaneously produced.8 With sulphur and with yellow phosphorus interaction occurs at the ordinary temperature, often becoming uncontrollable with the latter element. 

The use of sulphur dioxide as precipitant was first proposed by Berzelius, but accurate results by this method are only obtainable under special conditions. Complete precipitation does not take place from a strongly acid solution, and in the presence of other metals small amounts of these are liable to be carried down. In the presence of heavy metals such as copper, bismuth and antimony, the following procedure has been recommended 2 The tellurium is oxidised to telluric acid by the addition of ammonium perdisulphate in the presence of potassium hydroxide, excess of perdisulphate being subsequently removed by boiling. The heavy metals present are next removed by means of hydrogen sulphide. The tellurium may then readily be estimated by reduction with hydrogen chloride and precipitation with sulphurous acid. 

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